Uwitekaibikoresho byabitswe na sisitemu yo kubika ingufu. Kubikorwa byinganda byugarije ibihano bisabwa, ibikorwa remezo byizewe bya gride, cyangwa manda yo guhuza urubuga rushobora kuvugururwa, imiterere yagaragaye nkubwubatsi busanzwe bwoherejwe. Ntabwo ari ukubera ko bitunganye. Kuberako ubundi buryo bubi.
Impamvu nyazo Uruganda rugura ibi bintu
Reka dutange imvugo yo kwamamaza. Abakora inganda ntibashyiraho sisitemu ya batiri - miliyoni - kuko batitaye kuri "inzibacyuho yingufu" cyangwa "ubuyobozi burambye." Barabikora kuko ibiciro by'amashanyarazi bisenya marge.
Amafaranga yo gusaba. Niba utarigeze ureba kuri fagitire yingirakamaro aho ibisabwa bisabwa birenze ingufu, ntushobora kwishimira uburyo ibi bikora. Mubikorwa byinshi byamahoro yinganda - cyane cyane mumasoko nka Californiya, Ubudage, ibice byUbushinwa - umuyobozi wa gride apima ingufu zawe zingana niminota 15 zingana buri kwezi. Kanda MW 2 muminota cumi n'itanu mugihe cyumusaruro, kandi urimo kwishyura ubwo bushobozi bwa MW 2 ukwezi kose. Ntacyo bitwaye niba ugereranije 800 kW mugihe gisigaye.
Sisitemu ya kontineri 500 kWh hamwe na 250 kW inverter irashobora kogosha izo mpinga. Ntubikureho. Bogoshe. Ubukungu bukora iyo impinga - kugeza - igipimo mpuzandengo kiri hejuru kandi amafaranga asabwa arenga $ 15-20 / kW / ukwezi. Munsi yurwo rugabano, kwishyura birenze ibyo CFOs nyinshi izihanganira.
Impinga - ubukemurampaka bwikibaya nubundi gukina kugaragara. Kwishyuza $ 0.04 / kWt ijoro ryose, gusohora $ 0.25 / kWt mugihe cya nyuma ya saa sita. Ikwirakwizwa rya $ 0.21 / kWt, ukwezi kumwe kumunsi, iminsi 300 kumwaka, sisitemu ya MWh 2: $ 126,000 yinjiza buri mwaka mbere yo gutakaza imikorere no gutesha agaciro. Byumvikane neza kugeza igihe ushizemo $ 600,000-900,000 igiciro cya sisitemu. Imyaka ine kugeza kuri irindwi yo kwishyura ukeka ko ntakintu cyacitse kandi imiterere yimisoro ntabwo ihinduka. Ibyo bitekerezo byombi bifite icyizere.
Impamvu Ibirimwo Byumwihariko
Njye namaze amezi atatu muri 2022 mfasha gutunganya ibyuma gusuzuma uburyo bwo kubika. Ikigo cyari gifite imbogamizi z'umwanya - nta nyubako zisigaranye, ahantu hakeye mu nzu, na CFO yanze kwemeza iyubakwa rishya. Sisitemu ya kontineri yatsindiye kubusa.
Modularity argument nukuri ariko irarenze. Nibyo, urashobora gutangirana nibintu bibiri hanyuma ukongeramo bine nyuma. Mubimenyerezo, ibikoresho byo guhindura ingufu, imiyoboro ya gride, hamwe nakazi ka site ntibipima umurongo. Ongeramo kontineri mugiciro cyo kwishyiriraho ahari 70 - 80% yicyatsi kibisi kuri - MWh, ntabwo 50% nkibikoresho byo kugurisha bivuze. Biracyari byiza kuruta gukuraho sisitemu ihuriweho ninyubako, ariko ntutegereze kwaguka kubabaza.
Icy'ingenzi mu by'ukuri:
Umuvuduko woherejwe.Ikonteneri igera mbere - ihuriweho. Uruganda rumaze gukemura imashini ikoreshwa, gukoresha amashanyarazi, hamwe no gucunga amashyuza. Umushinga wawe wa EPC ahuza ingufu za AC, ashyiraho itumanaho, komisiyo sisitemu. Ibyumweru cumi na bibiri kuva PO kugeza ingufu birashoboka. Gerageza ibyo hamwe nicyumba - cyubatswe icyumba cya batiri.
Imikorere yubushuhe.Ibi ntibishimwa. Ahantu h’inganda ni ibidukikije bikaze - umukungugu, ubushyuhe bukabije, ikirere cyangirika mubikoresho bimwe. Ikonteneri itanga IP55 cyangwa uburinzi bwiza nta mirimo ya leta yongeyeho. Sisitemu yo gukonjesha (umwuka wamazi cyangwa uhatirwa) ifite ubunini buringaniye. Iriba - ryashizweho rigumana ubushyuhe bwimikorere ya dogere 15-35 ya chimie ya lithium fer fosifate ikunda nubwo ibidukikije bigera kuri dogere 45.
Agaciro gasigaye no kwimurwa.Iyo ubukode burangiye, mugihe ikigo gifunze, mugihe ukeneye kwimura ubushobozi kurubuga rutandukanye - sisitemu yabigenewe irashobora kwimurwa. Nanjye ubwanjye nabonye ibice byapakiwe mububiko bwaciwe bikajya mu kigo gishya cyo gukwirakwiza km 200. Igihe cyose cyo kumanura: iminsi cumi nimwe harimo no gusaba. Gerageza kwimura burundu.
Ikibazo cya LFP
Litiyumu fer fosifate yatsinze. Kububiko bwinganda buhagaze, impaka zirarangiye.
NCM (nikel - cobalt - manganese) itanga ingufu zingana na 20-30%. Ntacyo bitwaye. Ikirenge cya kontineri ni gake imbogamizi ihuza ibikorwa byinganda. Ubutaka burahari. Icyangombwa ni ubuzima bwinzira, kurwanya ubushyuhe bwumuriro, hamwe nigiciro cyinzira.
LFP itanga inzinguzingo 4000-6,000 kugeza 80% byubuzima mugihe gikwiye. NCM irwana 3.000. Ikinyuranyo cyiyongera mubuzima bwumushinga wimyaka 15. Icyingenzi cyane, selile LFP ntabwo ihura nubushyuhe buri munsi ya dogere 270. Ingirabuzimafatizo za NCM zihinduka nka dogere 150. Iyo kontineri yawe yicaye kuruhande rwumurongo ukora, iyo margin ifite akamaro kubwanditsi bwawe bwubwishingizi niba atari wowe.
Ibiciro byigiciro byararenze. Ibiciro by'ipaki ya LFP byagabanutse munsi ya $ 100 / kWt mu mpera za 2024 yo kugura ibicuruzwa. NCM ikomeza kubahenze 15-25% nta nzira isobanutse yuburinganire. Ibyiza byingufu zingirakamaro nibyingenzi muri EV aho uburemere nubunini bigabanya intera. Muri kontineri ya toni 30 yohereza yicaye kuri beto, ntamuntu numwe witayeho niba ari 8%.
Sodium - ion iraza. CATL na BYD byombi bifite imirongo itanga umusaruro. Ubuzima bwinzira busa na LFP. Ubucucike bw'ingufu buri hasi - ahari 120 - 140 Wh / kg na 160+ kuri LFP y'ubu - ariko na none, gusaba guhagarara ntacyo bitwaye. Ubukonje - imikorere yikirere nibyiza rwose; selile ya sodium ikora neza kuri dogere - 20 aho chemithies ya lithium isaba gushyuha. Ntabwo nasobanura sodium-ion kumushinga uyumunsi, ariko muri 2026 cyangwa 2027 bizaba amahitamo yemewe kubohereza ibicuruzwa.
BMS: Aho imishinga yananiwe
Sisitemu yo gucunga bateri igena niba umutungo wawe $ 800,000 ukora mumyaka 12 cyangwa ufata umuriro mumwaka wa 3. Ibi ntabwo ari ugukabya.
Akagari - urwego rukurikirana voltage. Ubushyuhe bwo kumva ku ngingo nyinshi kuri module. Ibipimo bigezweho kuri leta - ya - kubara amafaranga. Kuringaniza imirongo kugirango bangane imbaraga za selile mugihe cyo kwishyuza. Kumenya amakosa no kwigunga. Itumanaho kurubuga - urwego rwo gucunga ingufu.
BMS igomba gukora ibi byose, ubudahwema, kuri selile 5, 000+ mubikoresho bisanzwe, mugihe ikorera mubidukikije bishobora kugera kuri dogere 50 yubushyuhe bwimbere mugihe cyo gusohora kwinshi, hamwe n urusaku rwamashanyarazi ruva kuri kilowati 500 yo guhinduranya inverter, kubikoresho bigura amadorari 30 / selile cyangwa munsi yayo.
Iyo binaniwe, ushobora kubona ihagarikwa ryiza. Cyangwa urashobora kubona ibintu byubushyuhe.
Nahindutse umusazi kuriyi ngingo. Icyifuzo cyanjye ubu: ntugure ibikoresho bya batiri kubacuruzi badakora BMS zabo. Kwishyira hamwe hagati yimyitwarire yimikorere nubuyobozi algorithms birakomeye. Icya gatatu {3} CATL, BYD, EVE Ingufu, Hithium - aya masosiyete akora selile zabo na BMS zabo. Ntabwo ari impanuka.
Gucunga Ubushyuhe: Amazi Yatsinze
Gukonjesha ikirere byari bisanzwe kugeza muri 2020. Abafana. Umuyoboro. Biroroshye. Guhendutse.
Ntabwo bihagije kubigezweho bigezweho - ibishushanyo mbonera. Iyo usunye 1.5 MWh muri kontineri ya 20 - ibirenge - ubu bigerwaho hamwe na selile 314 Ah LFP {{7} mass misa yubushyuhe irenga umwuka - ishingiye ku guhererekanya ubushyuhe. Urabona ahantu hashyushye. Ahantu hashyushye byihutisha kwangirika. Gutesha agaciro ntabwo ari kimwe, gishimangira BMS, biganisha ku kunanirwa imburagihe ingirabuzimafatizo zo hanze, ibyo ...
Gukonjesha amazi byongera ikiguzi. Ahari $ 15,000-25,000 kuri kontineri hamwe numwuka. Irafasha kandi ingufu nyinshi, ubushyuhe bwimikorere ya selile (degree 2 dogere hejuru yipaki aho kuba℃8 dogere), no gukora neza mubihe bidasanzwe.
Kubikorwa byinganda mubihe bishyushye hamwe nigare rito, gukonjesha ikirere biracyakora. Kubintu byose bikaze - buri munsi byimbitse, ibidukikije bishyushye, C - igipimo kiri hejuru ya 0.5-yerekana amazi. Imbere yimbere yishyura mugihe cyagutse cyubuzima.
Imiyoboro ya Grid: Igice Ntamuntu Ukuburira
Wahisemo ikintu. Waganiriye n'ibiciro. Ufite urubuga rufite umwanya n'ibikorwa remezo by'amashanyarazi bihagije.
Noneho ukeneye ibyemezo byingirakamaro.
Mu nkiko zimwe, iyi ni umuhango. Tanga porogaramu ihuza, utegereze iminsi 30-60, wakire ibyemezo, ushyire. Ubudage bukora hafi yubu buryo bwa sisitemu iri munsi ya MW 1 ku nganda zifite imiyoboro ihari.
Mu zindi nkiko - igice kinini cy’Amerika, uduce two mu majyepfo y’amajyepfo ya Aziya, Ubushinwa bugenda bwiyongera nkabakoresha imiyoboro ya gride bagira amakenga - umurongo ni gahunda yumushinga. Amezi cumi n'umunani yo kwiga guhuza. Amezi cumi n'abiri yo kuzamura gride. Gutegereza byose: imyaka ibiri nigice kuva gusaba kugeza uruhushya rwo gukora.
Ikonteneri yoherejwe mu byumweru 12.
Kora umukoro wawe w'ingirakamaro mbere yo gukora igishoro. Vugana n'uhagarariye konti yawe. Vugana nabaterankunga baherutse kurangiza imishinga mugace ka serivisi yawe. Sobanukirwa n'uburebure bwumurongo hamwe nigihe cyo kwiga. Ibi nibyingenzi kurenza BMS ibisobanuro cyangwa gukonjesha kubaka kugirango umenye niba umushinga wawe ubaho.
Kurwanya umuriro: Biracyaza
Nta bwumvikane bwiza. Umuntu wese ukubwira ukundi arimo kugurisha ikintu.
Sisitemu ya aerosol. Gazi - guhagarika (Novec 1230, FM-200, IG-541). Igicu cy'amazi. Kwibiza mumazi kubibazo bikabije. Buri wese afite ababunganira. Buriwese afite uburyo bwo kunanirwa.
Ikibazo cyibanze: umuriro wa batiri ya lithium ubwayo - ikomeza. Iyo ubushyuhe bwumuriro bumaze gukwirakwira kuva selile kugeza selile, guhagarika hanze birashobora gutinda ariko ntibishobora guhagarika reaction. Ingirabuzimafatizo zirimo oxydeire. Ntabwo uzimya umuriro; urimo ucunga ibyabaye bidasanzwe kugeza lisansi irangiye.
Umwanya wanjye wubu: vuga gutahura hejuru yo guhagarika. Uburyo bwinshi bwigenga bwo kwiyumvisha uburyo - kuzimya - gutahura gaze, umuvuduko wubushyuhe, umuvuduko udasanzwe. Fata kunanirwa hakiri kare, hitamo module yibasiwe, uhumeka gaze, kandi wemererwe kugenzurwa nibiba ngombwa. Kugerageza guhagarika ibikorwa byogukwirakwiza akenshi bidindiza byanze bikunze mugihe uteza ibyago byiyongera kubasubiza.
Ariko naribeshye mbere. Inganda ziracyiga. Soma raporo y'ibyabaye. Serivisi ishinzwe abakozi ba Arizona muri McMicken (2019). Umuriro wa Beijing Dahongmen (2021). Inkongi y'umuriro ya Liverpool Dingle (2024). Buri wese yigishije amasomo atandukanye. Nta numwe watanze igisubizo cyuzuye.
Icyo Nerekana Mubyukuri Uyu munsi
Ibi birabogamye. Ubunararibonye bwanjye ni inganda zinganda mubihe bishyushye hamwe nibisabwa byamagare bikabije hamwe nitsinda rishinzwe gucunga ibikoresho. Imimerere yawe iratandukanye.
Kuri sisitemu ya MWh 2 igamije kugabanya ibicuruzwa bisabwa hamwe n’ubukemurampaka bukabije ku ruganda rukora inganda mu burasirazuba bwa Amerika:
Ubutabire:LFP, 280 Ah cyangwa 314 Ah selile
Topologiya:Ibikoresho bibiri 1 MWh aho kuba MW 2 imwe yo kugabanuka
Ubukonje:Amazi, ndetse kubwiyi porogaramu iringaniye
BMS:Byahujwe rwose nabatanga selile
PCS:500 kwat kuri kontineri, usize icyumba cya serivise ya serivise ya gride
Umugereka:20 - ikirenge ISO gihwanye, IP55, amashanyarazi akonjesha amashanyarazi
Kumenya umuriro:Multi - uburyo (ubushyuhe, kuzimya - gaze, gukurikirana voltage)
Kuzimya umuriro:Aerosol hamwe no guhumeka, amazi yo hanze asubira inyuma
Gukurikirana:Cellular wongeyeho Ethernet ikomeye, inzira zirenze
Garanti:Garanti yimyaka 10 yubushobozi hamwe nibisobanuro bitesha agaciro umurongo hamwe nuburyo bwo gutuza
Bije: $ 400,000-500,000 $ kuri MWh yashyizweho, ukurikije imiterere yikibanza hamwe nuburyo bugoye. Hejuru muri Californiya. Hasi muri Texas.
Biteganijwe ko uzishyurwa: 4 - Imyaka 6 kurwego rwibiciro byubu hamwe ninzego zishigikira. Birebire niba amafaranga asabwa agabanutse. Mugufi niba ushobora gufata amafaranga yinyongera ya serivisi cyangwa igihe - cyo gukoresha gikwirakwira.
Umwanzuro w'inyangamugayo
Kubika ingufu za kontineri ntabwo ari igisubizo cyubumaji. Numurwa mukuru - igice kinini cyibikoresho byingufu bisaba ibisobanuro bisobanutse, kwishyiriraho umwuga, no gukurikirana bikomeje. Ubukungu ni marginal kubikorwa byinshi. Tekinoroji irakuze bihagije kugirango yizewe ariko ikiri nto bihagije kugirango itange umusaruro rimwe na rimwe kunanirwa bidasanzwe.
Ariko.
Niba ikigo cyawe gihuye ninshuro ebyiri - imibare isabwa, niba umurongo wawe wa gride utizewe, niba ushyiraho izuba kandi ukaba ukeneye aho washyira ibisekuru bya sasita, niba ingufu zokugarura amashanyarazi zigusunika kuri mazutu ya mazutu hamwe nibiciro bya peteroli hamwe nibisohoka - BESS ishobora kuba ari amahitamo mabi.
Nibyo byifuzo byukuri. Ntabwo "igisubizo cyingufu zisukuye." Amahitamo mabi. Mu bikorwa remezo byinganda, ibyo birahagije kugirango ushimangire gahunda yo kugura.