Igisubizo cya AC kibangikanye, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo, bivuga ibikoresho by’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu za elegitoronike - ibikoresho bihujwe, nka fotora ya fotora cyangwa imashini ihindura umuyaga, bihuzwa n’ingufu zibika ingufu (PCS) binyuze kuri gride ya AC. Munsi yo guhuza hamwe no kugenzura EMS, ikora imirimo nko kogosha impinga no kuzuza ikibaya, kunoza neza iteganyagihe, no koroshya.
Ibyiza byingenzi bya gahunda ya AC ihuza gahunda harimo amashanyarazi yoroshye kandi asobanutse hagati yibikoresho, gukuramo imikorere, no guhuza byoroshye iterambere ryibikoresho nibikorwa byo gukora; imbogamizi nyamukuru nigiciro cyinshi kumirongo nibikoresho bihujwe, umuvuduko wo kugenzura byihuse bisabwa kuri PCS, hamwe nubushobozi buke bwo guhindura ingufu nyinshi.
Gahunda yo guhuza irashobora gukoresha neza umuyoboro wa DC uboneka mumashanyarazi menshi ashobora kuvugururwa - sisitemu yo guhuza amashanyarazi, yongeramo ibikoresho bibika ingufu za batiri kugirango bigabanye imbaraga nyinshi zingufu zamashanyarazi. Ibi bitezimbere sisitemu ya gride ihuza nuburyo bwo kubika ingufu; ikoresha kandi mu buryo butaziguye ingufu z'amashanyarazi zishobora kuvugururwa - ibikoresho bihujwe hamwe n'imiyoboro ihuza imiyoboro, bikuraho ibikenerwa byo kwagura ibikoresho bya AC no kugabanya ibiciro by'ishoramari. Nyamara, hariho guhuza hagati ya sisitemu yo kugenzura hamwe na gride isanzwe ishobora kuvugururwa - ibikoresho bihujwe, ubukana bwabyo biterwa nuburyo bwo kugenzura imiyoboro ya sisitemu yambere yingufu zishobora kuvugururwa.
Dufashe - amashanyarazi yuzuye ya turbine gride - ihinduranya nkurugero, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo, muri rusange ni AC - DC - AC "inyuma - kugeza - inyuma". Imiyoboro ya gride - ikora muburyo bwa DC - uburyo bwo kugenzura amashanyarazi, mugihe turbine - ihinduranya ikora muburyo bwo kugenzura umuyaga wa turbine cyangwa uburyo bwo kugenzura umuriro. Byombi bitandukanijwe kuruhande rwa DC kandi bigenzurwa byigenga, hamwe na banki nini ya capacitor kuruhande rwa DC ikora nka buffer na decoupling. Kubwibyo, muguhuza ubushobozi runaka bwa BESS kuruhande rwa DC kugirango habeho sisitemu ihuriweho n’umuyaga n’ingufu, gride - ihuza ingufu za turbine y’umuyaga irashobora kugenzurwa neza kandi ingufu zishobora kwimurwa mugihe, bitagize ingaruka zikomeye kuri sisitemu ya turbine yumuyaga, cyane cyane kugenzura imiyoboro ihindura umuyaga.
Ihame ryibanze ryigenzura niryo rikurikira: Umugenzuzi waho ashyiraho uburyo bwo gukora, nko kogosha impinga no kuzuza ikibaya, kunoza neza ibyahanuwe, cyangwa koroshya, no guhuza amakuru yoherejwe na gride kugirango habeho gride yose - ihuza ingufu zateganijwe ∑P * kumuyoboro wububiko -; ikurikirana umuyaga w'amashanyarazi umuyaga P.NEna sisitemu yo kubika ingufu muburyo nyabwo, kandi irabara kandi ikabyara sisitemu yo kubika ingufu zishyuza no gusohora itegeko P *BESS:
BESS igenzura umuyaga umuyaga ukoresheje DC / DC uhindura, ukurikirana P *BESSamategeko kugirango agere kububiko bwingufu no kurekura hagati ya DC yumuyaga uhindura umuyaga na bateri; umuyoboro - uhindura uruhande rukora muburyo bwo gukosora, bigahindura imbaraga za DC kuruhande rwa voltage Vde kugirango ugere kuri gride yose - amashanyarazi ahuza ∑P ya turbine yumuyaga:
Iyo SOC ya sisitemu yo kubika ingufu iri mubihe bikomeye birenze urugero, umugenzuzi waho nawe agomba kugabanya ibisohoka P *NEya turbine yumuyaga muguteganya umugenzuzi wumuyaga wa turbine, kugirango tumenye imbaraga - imikorere mike ya turbine yumuyaga.
Igishushanyo cyoroheje cya sisitemu yo kugenzura cyerekanwe ku gishushanyo. V.dcna U.gridbihuye nagaciro keza ka DC - kuruhande rwumubyigano wumuyaga uhindura umuyaga hamwe na voltage ya feri ya gride; I.BEss, Idc, INE, na I.gridbihuye no kwishyiriraho no gusohora amashanyarazi yo kubika ingufu, umuyoboro wa DC wumurongo wa turbine wumuyaga - uhindura uruhande (utemba uva muri - uruhande rwa bisi ya capacitori ya banki ugana kuri gride - uhinduranya ikiraro cya IGBT) na gride - ihujwe numuyoboro wa turbine yumuyaga - uhindura uruhande (ni ukuvuga umuyoboro wose - uhuza umuyaga - sisitemu yo kubika).
Kubikubye kabiri - yagaburiwe amashanyarazi ya induction (DFIG) turbine yumuyaga, sisitemu yo kubyara amashanyarazi (PNE) igizwe na rotor zombi - kuruhande hamwe na stator - kuruhande rwimbaraga zisohoka, umugenzuzi waho agomba gutekereza byimazeyo mugihe cyo kubara itegeko ryingufu za sisitemu yo kubika ingufu.
Birashobora kugaragara ko mumuyaga - sisitemu yo kubika, byombi grid - ihinduranya uruhande hamwe na turbine - ihinduranya impande zombi zikomeza uburyo bwa DC - uburyo bwo kugenzura amashanyarazi hamwe na turbine - uburyo bwo kugenzura ingufu, bidasabye ko hagira igihinduka kuri algorithm yo kugenzura. Nyamara, kubona mugihe gikwiye kandi cyukuri amakuru yububiko - amakuru yububiko bwa sisitemu ni ngombwa kugirango umugenzuzi waho agere ku kugenzura hamwe uburyo bwo kubika ingufu hamwe na sisitemu nkuru yo kugenzura umuyaga.
Igenamigambi ryo kugenzura ifoto ifitanye isano - ububiko bwa DC sisitemu igaragara ku gishushanyo. Iyi gahunda yo kugenzura ntabwo igira ingaruka kumikorere ya inverter ya Photovoltaque, ihora ikorera muburyo bwo kubika ingufu za - uburyo bwo kwikorera cyangwa bugufi - imbaraga zigihe - uburyo bwo kugabanya. Sisitemu yo kubika ingufu, ifatanije nu mugenzuzi waho, ikora amabwiriza yihuse kugirango ibungabunge gride - ihuza imbaraga za fotokoltaque - sisitemu yo kubika muburyo bwemewe bwo kugenzura amakosa.
Gufasha umurongo uhuza amasoko mashya yingufu nigice cyingenzi cyo gukoresha BESS (Sisitemu yo kubika ingufu zingana). Uhereye ku gihe cyo kugenzura ukurikije igipimo, ibi birashobora kugabanywa hejuru yisaha - kuzuza niminota - urwego rwo kunoza urwego rwateganijwe neza no koroshya ihindagurika. Iyambere ikoresha byimazeyo ubushobozi bwa gride ihari kugirango yakire ingufu nshya kandi igabanye ...
Gufasha ingufu za gride ihuza imbaraga nigice cyingenzi cyo gukoresha sisitemu yo kuzigama ingufu (BESS). Uhereye ku bihe byagenwe, ibi birashobora kugabanywa mu masaha yo kogosha no kwuzuza ikibaya, niminota - urwego rwo kunoza urwego rwo guhanura neza no koroshya ihindagurika. Iyambere irakomeye mugukoresha byimazeyo ingufu za gride zisanzwe zishobora kongera ingufu, kugabanya ububiko busanzwe bwibice, cyangwa kwirinda kugabanya ingufu zigihe kirekire. Iheruka, ifatanije n’ikoranabuhanga rishobora kongera ingufu mu guhanura ikoranabuhanga, ritezimbere igenamigambi no koherezwa ry’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu za gride, byongera ubucuti bwa gride, kandi bigabanya umwuga wibikoresho byihuta byihuta.
Mu mishinga ifatika, kogosha no kwuzuza ibisabwa bisaba sisitemu ya BESS ishoboye kubika cyangwa kurekura amashanyarazi yamasaha menshi, bisaba amashanyarazi manini -. Muburyo bwubucuruzi bugezweho, gusa gukoresha iyi mikorere akenshi ntibisanzwe, cyangwa bitwara ingaruka zikomeye zo kugabanuka kwigihe cyubukungu. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, hamwe nogukomeza kunoza ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu ziteganijwe gutegurwa neza hamwe na BESS igenzura ingufu za BESS, birashoboka rwose guhuza umunota - urwego BESS - yafashijwe mumashanyarazi yoguhuza ingufu mumashanyarazi yogosha imisozi no kuzuza ikibaya. Ibi bituma umushinga ukora porogaramu zuzuye ziyobowe na EMS cyangwa umugenzuzi waho, haba igihe - kugabana cyangwa icyarimwe, bityo bikazamura imikorere yubukungu muri rusange. Byongeye kandi, urebye imbaraga nubushobozi bwibisabwa kugirango tunonosore neza iteganyagihe hamwe no koroshya imikorere, ibyinshi muribi bikorwa birimo imbaraga - imbaraga, hejuru - imbaraga zumurongo - ububiko bwingufu. Kubwibyo, kongeramo iyi mikorere bifite ingaruka zingana muburyo bwo kugereranya impinga iriho - kogosha no mubande - kuzuza imishinga, bigatuma bishoboka muburyo bwa tekiniki.