Amashanyarazi yubucuruzi ntagenwa nogukoresha ingufu zonyine. Kubikoresho byinshi, igiciro cya nyuma giterwa numubare wa kilowatt - (kWh) zikoreshwa, kilowatt nyinshi (kilowati) isabwa cyane mugihe cyo kwishyuza, mugihe icyo cyifuzo kibaye, hamwe nigiciro cyihariye cyibikorwa byakoreshejwe kurubuga.
Niyo mpamvu ikigo gishobora kugabanya gukoresha ingufu za buri kwezi kandi kigakomeza kubona fagitire yinangiye. Igiciro gito gisabwa gishobora gushyiraho amafaranga asabwa mukwezi, mugihe umwanya - ya - gukoresha ibiciro bishobora gutuma amashanyarazi akoreshwa kumasaha imwe ahenze kuruta ayo yakoreshejwe kurindi.
Inyuma - ububiko bwa - burashobora gufasha muri bimwe muribi bihe, ariko aho gutangirira neza ntabwo ari ingano ya bateri. Ni fagitire, igiciro, hamwe numwirondoro wimizigo. Porogaramu ishinzwe imicungire y’ingufu muri Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika itanga itandukaniro rimwe mu buyobozi bwayogusuzuma igipimo cyingirakamaro: amafaranga yingufu, amafaranga asabwa, hamwe namafaranga yagenwe asubiza muburyo butandukanye kumikorere yibikorwa.
Niki gituma umushinga w'amashanyarazi yubucuruzi utandukana?
Igiciro cyubucuruzi gishobora kuba gikubiyemo ibiciro byinshi icyarimwe:
- Amafaranga yingufuhashingiwe ku gukoresha amashanyarazi yose muri kilowati.
- Gusaba ibiregohashingiwe kubisabwa byinshi cyangwa byishyurwa muri kilo.
- Igihe - cya - koresha amafarangaibyo bitandukanye kumasaha, umunsi, cyangwa ibihe.
- Amafaranga yishyuweibyo ntibihinduka hamwe no gukoresha buri kwezi.
- Igiciro - amategeko yihariyenkibipimo byibisabwa, byibuze fagitire isabwa, abatwara, cyangwa ibihe byigihe.
Ihuriro nyaryo riterwa ningirakamaro, urwego rwabakiriya, urwego rwa voltage, ahantu, ibihe, na gahunda y'ibiciro. Ikigereranyo rusange cya batiri - igereranya ryo kuzigama rero ntabwo ari ingirakamaro cyane kuruta isesengura ryakozwe ku giciro nyacyo cy’ikigo.
Amafaranga yingufu: Ibyo Wishyura kuri kilowati
Ingufu zingufu zishingiye kumubare w'ingufu z'amashanyarazi zikoreshwa mugihe cyo kwishyuza. Kubara byoroshye ni:
Amafaranga yingufu=amashanyarazi akoreshwa muri kWh × ikoreshwa $ / kWh igipimo
Niba igiciro gikoresha igihe - cya - koresha ibiciro, hashobora kubaho igipimo cyingufu nyinshi aho kuba kimwe. Amashanyarazi akoreshwa mugihe cyamasaha ya - ashobora gutwara amafaranga arenze amashanyarazi yakoreshejwe mugihe cyamasaha -, bityo fagitire iterwa nibikoreshwa byose hamwe nigihe.
Ingamba zifatika zikemura ahanini iki gice cyumushinga. Ingero zirimo kugabanya ibikoresho bidakenewe mugihe gikwiye, kunoza imikorere ya HVAC cyangwa gukonjesha, kuzamura moteri idakora neza, no gukemura ibibazo byo kugenzura bitakaza ingufu.
Amafaranga asabwa: Ibyo wishyura kuri Peak kW
Amafaranga asabwa akora muburyo butandukanye. Aho gupima umubare w'amashanyarazi yakoreshejwe mu kwezi, saba ingamba zerekana uburyo ikigo gikurura ingufu mugihe cyagenwe. Bigaragarira muri kilowatts.
Icyifuzo cyoroshye - kubara amafaranga ni:
Amafaranga asabwa=asabwa kwishyurwa muri kilo rate igipimo gisabwa muri $ / kW
Niyo mpamvu igihe gito cyo gukora icyarimwe icyarimwe gishobora kugira akamaro. Niba chillers, compressor ya firigo, ibikoresho byo gutunganya, pompe, hamwe na chargeri ya EV byose bishushanya cyane mugihe kimwe, impinga yavuyemo irashobora gushiraho ibyifuzo byishyurwa nubwo ibyabaye ari bigufi.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na laboratoire ku rwego rw’igihugu - ku bicuruzwa by’ubucuruzi by’Amerika byagaragaje ko ubunini - bwishyurwa nk’ibintu byingenzi byerekana inyuma y’ubukungu bwa metero -, mu gihe hanashimangirwa ko umushinga ugomba gusuzumwa buri kibazo. Reba ubushakashatsi kuriinyuma - ububiko bwa batiri - hamwe nubucuruzi busabwa.
Gusaba kwishyurwa no gupima intera
Ibikorwa ntabwo byose bibara ibyifuzo kimwe. Igiciro gisobanura intera n amategeko akoreshwa mukumenya ibisabwa byishyurwa. Ibipimo by'intera birashobora kwandika amasaha cyangwa iminota 15, kandi intera yujuje ibyangombwa irashobora kuba ikintu cyingenzi kuri fagitire ya buri kwezi.
Buri kwezi fagitire yerekana ibisubizo byubukungu. Intera intera yerekana uko ibisubizo byagenze. Itandukaniro riba ngombwa mugihe uhisemo niba impinga isubirwamo, irindwa, cyangwa ikwiriye kubikwa.
Ntabwo - Impanuka, TOU, hamwe nibisabwa
A non - amafaranga yishyurwa risabwairashobora gushingira kubisabwa buri kwezi bititaye kumwanya wumunsi. A.igihe - ya - koresha amafaranga asabwairashobora gusaba gusa kubisabwa byanditswe mugihe cyagenwe. Ibiciro bimwe birimo byombi.
A Ikigereranyocyangwa reba - ingingo yinyuma irashobora gutuma fagitire isaba igice bitewe nimpinga zanditswe mumezi ashize. Ibyo bivuze ko ikintu kimwe kidasanzwe gishobora guhindura ibiciro nyuma yukwezi byabereyemo. Gukora akamaro - inkoranyamagambo yerekana igipimo cyihariye kidasaba - icyifuzo gihuye, icyifuzo cya TOU, hamwe nibisabwa reba - imiterere yinyuma.
Kugenzura ububiko, ingaruka ni ngirakamaro: kogosha impinga itari yo irashobora kuzigama bike cyangwa ntakindi niba indi ntera igena ibyifuzo byishyurwa.
kilo na kWh: Itandukaniro rihindura Ingamba
GusobanukirwakWtni ngombwa mu gucunga ingufu z'ubucuruzi.
- kilo ipima imbaraga.Irasobanura igipimo amashanyarazi akoreshwa mugihe cyangwa hejuru yikigereranyo.
- kWh gupima ingufu.Irasobanura umubare w'ingufu z'amashanyarazi zikoreshwa mugihe.
Ikigereranyo cyingirakamaro ni ugutwara: kWt isa n'umuvuduko, mugihe kWh yegereye intera yagenze. Inyubako irashobora kugabanya kwatwat yose itagabanije muburyo bwo hejuru hejuru ya kilo. Irashobora kandi kogosha impinga ngufi ya kWt idahinduye cyane buri kwezi kwatw.
Ibyo nibibazo bitandukanye. Ubusanzwe ubusanzwe bugamije kugabanya ikoreshwa ryingufu. Imicungire yimpinga igamije kugenzura imiterere nigihe cyibisabwa.
Nigute Igihe - cya - Koresha Ibiciro Guhindura Ibiciro Byingufu Zubucuruzi
Igihe - cya - gukoresha ibiciro byongera ikibazo cyigihe kuri fagitire:ryariamashanyarazi akurwa muri gride?
Niba kuri - amashanyarazi ahenze cyane, imizigo yoroheje irashobora kwimurwa kugirango igabanuke - igihe cyibiciro. Inzira irashobora gutangira kare, kwishyuza EV birashobora gutegurwa hanze yidirishya ryimpinga, cyangwa sisitemu yubushyuhe irashobora mbere - gukonja mbere yamasaha arenga-. Ubu niguhinduranya imitwaro, kandi ntigomba kwitiranywa nubushobozi.
Gukora neza bigabanya ingufu zikenewe. Umutwaro uhinduranya impinduka iyo izo mbaraga zishushanyije. Iriba - ingamba zateguwe zishobora gukoresha byombi.
Ni iki kiri inyuma - the - Ububiko bwa Metero?
Inyuma ya - metero -, cyangwa BTM, bivuga ibikoresho biri kuruhande rwumukiriya wa metero yingirakamaro. Uhereye kubitekerezo byingirakamaro, metero ibona net net ikorana na gride.
Ibikoresho bya BTM birashobora guhindura uwo mwirondoro. Mu kigo cyubucuruzi, ibikoresho bishobora kuba sisitemu yo kubika ingufu za batiri, kubika amashyuza, imizigo ishobora kugenzurwa, kubyara urubuga, cyangwa guhuza ikoranabuhanga. Kuri sisitemu yagutse - urwego rwo kureba, rebaibisubizo byububiko bwinganda ninganda.
Ububiko bw'ingufu za Batiri
Sisitemu yo kubika ingufu za batiri (BESS) ibika ingufu z'amashanyarazi kugirango ikoreshwe nyuma. Kugirango ucunge ibyifuzo, bateri irashobora gusohora mugihe icyifuzo cyibikoresho cyegereye urwego rwo kugenzura. Igice cyumutwaro noneho gitangwa na bateri aho kuba gride, bityo metero yandika gride ikenewe.
Iri ni ihame ryimikorere inyumabateri yogosha. Igihugu - ubushakashatsi bwa laboratoire kuriinyuma - ububiko bwa - kubisabwa - kugabanya amafarangairerekana kandi impamvu imiterere nigihe cyumutwaro wikintu bifite akamaro mubunini bwubukungu.
Ububiko bwubushyuhe nuburemere bworoshye
Amashanyarazi ya batiri ntabwo ari isoko yonyine yo guhinduka. Gushyushya, gukonjesha, gukonjesha, gushyushya amazi, hamwe ninganda zimwe na zimwe zishobora kwimurwa cyangwa gukurikiranwa. Ububiko bwamashanyarazi burashobora kubika ubushobozi bwo gushyushya cyangwa gukonjesha kugirango bukoreshwe nyuma, mugihe inyubako ihari yubushyuhe irashobora rimwe na rimwe gutanga imiterere ihindagurika idafite bateri isanzwe.
Niba impinduka ikora ishobora gukuraho impinga imwe kubiciro buke, ubwo buryo bugomba kugeragezwa mbere yububiko bushya bwerekanwe.
Nigute Inyuma - the - Ububiko bwa metero burashobora kugabanya umushinga w'amashanyarazi yubucuruzi
1. Kogosha impinga
Kogosha cyane bigabanya imbaraga ntarengwa zivuye kuri gride. Batare isohora mugihe kinini - intera yumutwaro kandi ikagerageza kugumisha gride munsi yintego.
Igihe ni ingenzi. Niba bateri isohotse hakiri kare, ingufu zikoreshwa zirashobora kugabanuka mbere yo kwishyurwa kwukuri. Niba isubije bitinze, metero irashobora kuba imaze kwandika impinga nshya. Igenzura, guhanura, leta iboneka yishyurwa, logique yimisoro, ingufu za bateri, nigihe cyo gusohora byose bigira ingaruka kubisubizo.
2. Igihe - cya - Koresha Shitingi Yumutwaro
Batare irashobora kwishyuza mugihe kimwe cyamahoro hanyuma igasohoka mugihe kindi. Agaciro k'amafaranga gashingiye ku itandukaniro ryibiciro hagati yigihe, imbogamizi zishyurwa, igihombo cya sisitemu, gutesha agaciro, nibindi bisabwa mubikorwa.
Ububiko ntabwo butanga ingufu zubusa. Kuberako ingufu zabuze mugihe cyo kwishyuza, kubika, guhindura, no gusohora, guhindura imbaraga birashobora gusaba ingufu zinjiza kuruta uko byatanzwe nyuma. Inyungu zubukungu ziva muguhindura igihe cyangwa impanuro yo kugura gride.
3. Imirasire y'izuba - Gukoresha
Kubikoresho bifite izuba, bateri irashobora gufata ingufu ubundi zoherezwa hanze hanyuma zikayikoresha nyuma. Niba ibi bishimishije biterwa nagaciro kwoherezwa hanze, ikiguzi cyo kugura gride nyuma, imiterere yikigo, hamwe nigiciro.
Ubushakashatsi kuriizuba - hiyongereyeho - amafaranga yo kubika no gusaba ibicuruzwawasanze ubunini bwo kuzigama ari abakiriya cyane - byihariye kandi byatewe cyane nigishushanyo mbonera.
4. Saba Igisubizo nizindi Nzira Zagaciro
Ibikoresho bimwe birashobora kwemererwa na porogaramu zishyura abakiriya kugabanya cyangwa guhindura ibyifuzo mugihe cyihariye. DOE isobanura igisubizo nkibisabwa kubushake - kugabanya igihe cyo gukoresha amashanyarazi ashobora kugabanyirizwa igiciro, inguzanyo yishyurwa, cyangwa izindi ndishyi. Porogaramu iboneka hamwe namategeko yo gukora biratandukanye, kubwibyo amafaranga yinjira ntabwo agomba kongerwaho umushinga wumushinga kugeza gahunda yihariye igenzuwe. Reba Incamake ya DOEgusaba igisubizo nigihe - gahunda yo guhindura ibiciro.
Icyifuzo Cyakazi - Kwishyuza Urugero
Reba ikigo gifite ibintu byoroheje bikurikira:
- Kugeza ubu impapuro zisabwa zikenewe:620 kWt
- Igipimo gikenewe gisabwa:$ 18 / kWt
- Kugabanya intego:100 kWt
- Igihe ntarengwa gisaba inkunga:Iminota 30
Mbere yo kogosha:
620 kW × $ 18 / kW=$ 11.160 yishyurwa buri kwezi
Niba ububiko cyangwa imizigo bigabanya neza fagitire - gushiraho impinga kuri 520 kWt:
520 kW × $ 18 / kW=$ 9.360 yishyurwa buri kwezi
Amafaranga yoroshye yirinda kwishyurwa yaba:
$ 11.160 - $ 9, 360=$ 1.800 muri uko kwezi
Ingufu zisabwa kugirango zishyigikire 100 kW mu minota 30 ni 50 kWh mbere yo kubara igihombo cyiza, leta - ya limit {4} limit imipaka ntarengwa, ibisabwa, cyangwa amafaranga yo gukora. Ibyontabwobivuze bateri 50 kWh nubunini bwumushinga.
Tuvuge ko ikigo kimwe gifite indi mpinga itogoshe ya 590 kWW mugihe cyo kwishyuza. Niba iyo intera ihindutse ibisabwa byishyurwa, kugabanuka neza ni 30 kWt gusa, kandi amafaranga yoroshye yirinze kugwa$540. Ikigereranyo cyangwa ibihe byinshi bisabwa birashobora guhindura ibisubizo byongeye.
Uru rugero ruragaragaza, ntabwo ruteganya umushinga. Irerekana impamvu ibiciro bya logique hamwe namakuru yintera bifite akamaro kuruta ubushobozi bwumutwe wa bateri.
Ni ryari Ububiko bw'ingufu z'ubucuruzi bukwiye?
Kuba hari amafaranga asabwa ntabwo bihita bituma bateri yubukungu. Ububiko bukwiye gusuzumwa neza mugihe ibintu byinshi byiza bibaye hamwe.
- Amafaranga yo gusaba arasobanutse mubukungu.Hano haribiciro bihagije byakwirindwa kugirango ushimangire isesengura.
- Impinga iramenyekana.Ikigo gishobora kumenya icyabateye, igihe kibaye, nigihe bimara.
- Impinga irashobora gukemurwa.Urugendo rugufi hejuru yumutwaro usanzwe biroroshye kogosha kuruta umutwaro uguma hafi ya masaha menshi.
- Igiciro gihemba impinduka zigihe.TOU ikwirakwiza cyangwa isaba ibyubaka irema agaciro ko guhinduranya imitwaro cyangwa kugenzura impinga.
- Intera intera irahari.Urubuga rushobora kwimuka kurenza ukwezi kwose no gusesengura imiterere yimitwaro.
- Hariho intego zinyuranye zihuye.Gukwirakwiza izuba, kwihangana, gusubiza ibyifuzo, cyangwa imbogamizi zubushobozi birashobora gushimangira urubanza mugihe bifite akamaro.
Kubindi bikorwa byo gukoresha ubucuruzi, rebainzira kubika ingufu zubucuruzi birashobora kugabanya ibiciro byubucuruzi.
Iyo Ububiko bushobora kutaba igisubizo cyambere
Ububiko bushobora gukenerwa cyane mugihe ikigo gifite icyifuzo gike - gishingiye kubiciro, umutwaro uremereye cyane, impinga ndende cyane, imikorere ihendutse, cyangwa ibibazo bigaragara neza bigomba gukosorwa mbere.
Niba imizigo ibiri yingenzi ishobora kubuzwa gusa gutangira icyarimwe, ikurikiranabikorwa rishobora gukuraho igice cyimpinga ku giciro gito cyane kuruta bateri. Intego ni ugukemura ikibazo cyibiciro neza, ntabwo guhatira buri kibazo umushinga wo kubika.
Ububiko bwa Batteri nu micungire yimizigo nububiko bwubushyuhe
| Inzira | Ibyiza Kuri | Imipaka nyamukuru |
|---|---|---|
| Gukoresha ingufu | Kugabanya gukoresha ingufu zose zidakenewe | Ntishobora kugabanya mubintu bikenewe cyane |
| Imicungire yimikorere | Kwimura cyangwa gukurikiranya ibikoresho byoroshye | Irasaba guhinduka |
| Kubika ingufu za bateri | Kwihuta, kugenzurwa no kogosha no guhinduranya igihe | Igiciro cyumushinga, igihombo, gutesha agaciro, umwanya, nimbogamizi zikorwa |
| Ububiko | Kwimura imitwaro, gukonjesha, cyangwa gukonjesha | Biterwa na sisitemu yo kubaka nibisabwa ubushyuhe |
| Ububiko bw'izuba | Guhuza ibisekuruza kurubuga hamwe no gukoresha ingufu zoroshye | Ubukungu bushingiye kumusaruro wizuba, imiterere yumutwaro, agaciro kwohereza hanze, nigiciro |
Ubu buryo ntabwo butandukanye. Ikigo gishobora kunoza imikorere, kongeramo imizigo, hanyuma ubunini bwa bateri ntoya hafi yimpinga isigaye.
Amakosa asanzwe mugihe cyo gusuzuma ububiko bwubucuruzi
Ikosa 1: Kwitiranya kilo na kilowati
Kugabanya imikoreshereze yingufu za buri kwezi ntabwo byanze bikunze bikuraho impinga itwara amafaranga asabwa. Banza umenye ibice bigize fagitire.
Ikosa rya 2: Tuvuge ko Impinga yose ikemurwa
Ibisabwa bimwe birakenewe mubikorwa. Ikibazo cyingirakamaro cyo gushushanya ntabwo aricyo cyifuzo gikenewe arikoaderesiicyifuzo cyo hejuru.
Ikosa rya 3: Gukoresha Igiciro cyataye igihe
Uburyo bwa tekiniki bwo kohereza bukoreshwa kuri gahunda y'ibipimo bitari byo biracyari urugero rutari rwo.
Ikosa rya 4: Ingano kuva Ukwezi kumwe
Ikirere, umusaruro, akazi, hamwe nigihe cyibiciro birashobora kugoreka ukwezi kumwe. Koresha igihe cyo guhagararira.
Ikosa rya 5: Dufate ko Ububiko bwikora bubika ingufu
Ububiko busubiramo cyane cyane iyo ingufu zivuye muri gride. Gukora neza no kubika nibikoresho bitandukanye.
Amakosa 6: Kabiri - Kubara Inzira Zagaciro
Kogosha cyane, TOU gutezimbere, kubika ibigega, kubika izuba - gukoresha, hamwe nibisubizo birashobora guhatanira ubushobozi bwa bateri imwe hamwe nuburyo bwo kwishyuza. Igice kimwe cyingufu zibitswe ntigishobora buri gihe gukora intego icyarimwe.
Ikosa 7: Uhereye ku bunini bwa Bateri
Icyifuzo gitangirana na "ukeneye bateri 500 kWh" mbere yo gusuzuma ibiciro namakuru yintera ikwiye kugenzurwa. Ingano ya Batteri igomba kuba ibisubizo byisesengura, ntabwo ari intangiriro yo gutekereza.
Ibibazo
Ikibazo: Ni ikihe giciro gisabwa ku mushinga w'amashanyarazi mu bucuruzi?
Igisubizo: Amafaranga asabwa ni amafaranga ashingiye ku mbaraga z'amashanyarazi ikigo gikuramo ukurikije amategeko yasobanuwe ku giciro cyacyo. Mubisanzwe bigaragarira mumadorari kuri kilowatt aho kuba amadorari kuri kilowatt - isaha.
Ikibazo: Kubika Bateri birashobora kugabanya amafaranga asabwa?
Igisubizo: Birashoboka. Batare irashobora gusohora mugihe ibikoresho biremereye kandi bikagabanya ingufu zashizwe muri metero yingirakamaro. Kuzigama biterwa nigiciro, igihe cyo kohereza, igihe cyo hejuru, ingufu za batiri ziboneka ningufu, kandi niba intera igenewe igena ibyifuzo byishyurwa.
Ikibazo: Kubika Ingufu bigabanya gukoresha amashanyarazi yose?
Igisubizo: Ntabwo ari ngombwa. Ububiko buhindura imbaraga mugihe kandi bugahindura imiterere yumurongo wa gride. Kuberako sisitemu nyayo ifite igihombo, kugabanya kWh yose mubisanzwe bisaba gukora neza cyangwa kunoza imikorere kuruta kubika wenyine.
Ikibazo: Ni bangahe amakuru yingirakamaro nkwiye gusubiramo?
Igisubizo: Umwaka wuzuye wa fagitire hamwe namakuru aringaniye ni intangiriro ikomeye kuruta ukwezi kumwe. Ibikoresho bifite ibihe bikomeye bitandukanye cyangwa guhindura gahunda yo gukora birashobora gukenera isesengura ryinyongera.
Ikibazo: Nabwirwa n'iki Bateri Ingano Nkeneye?
Igisubizo: Tangira numwirondoro wumutwaro hamwe nigiciro. Ibisabwa bisabwa biterwa nimbaraga zingana zingana. Ibisabwa kWh biterwa nigihe izo mbaraga zigomba gutangwa, hiyongereyeho imikorere, leta - ya limit- imipaka yishyurwa, amafaranga yimikorere, gutesha agaciro, hamwe nikibazo cyo gukoresha.
Ikibazo: Ese Inyuma - Ububiko bwa - Ububiko bwa metero ni ingirakamaro gusa hamwe nizuba?
Igisubizo: Oya. Ububiko bushobora gushyigikira gucunga ibyifuzo nigihe - amashanyarazi ashingiye - kuzamura ibiciro nta zuba rifite. Imirasire y'izuba irashobora kongeramo urundi rubanza, ariko ntibisabwa kuri buri inyuma ya - umushinga wa -.
Tangira Na Bill, Ntabwo Bateri
Inyuma ya - ububiko bwa - burashobora kugabanya ibyifuzo bya gride mugihe cyigihe gikomeye, guhindura kugura amashanyarazi mugihe - cya - igihe cyo gukoresha, gukorana nizuba kurubuga, kandi bigatanga ubundi buryo bworoshye bwo gukora. Nta nyungu nimwe muri zo igomba gufatwa mbere.
Ingufu zubucuruzi zizewe - icyemezo cyo kubika gitangirana nibintu bitatu:igiciro, imiterere yumutwaro, nimbogamizi zikorwa. Ongera usuzume fagitire zingirakamaro, wemeze igipimo cyibiciro kiriho, ubone amakuru yintera, umenye ibyabaye bitwara ikiguzi, kandi ugereranye ububiko hamwe n’ibiciro byo hasi -.
Icyo gihe ni bwo itsinda ryumushinga rifite ubunini nubukungu bwikitegererezo. Umushinga ukomeye ntabwo ariwo ufite ikoranabuhanga ryinshi; niyo ikemura ikibazo cyo kwishyuza no gukora nikimenyetso.