Sisitemu yo kubika ingufu za bateri (BESS) iraboneka binyuze mubukora kabuhariwe, abakwirakwiza inganda, abatanga ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu, hamwe nabatanga sisitemu ihuriweho. Ahantu nyaburanga harimo amasoko yubucuruzi butaziguye hamwe ninshi - urwego rwo gukwirakwiza urwego rukwirakwiza selile, sisitemu yo guhindura amashanyarazi, sisitemu yo gucunga bateri, ibikoresho byo gucunga amashyuza, hamwe nibisubizo byabitswe.
Gusobanukirwa BESS Ibigize Urunigi
Amashanyarazi yo kubika ingufu za batiri akorera mubyiciro byinshi, buri kimwe gitanga amasoko atandukanye hamwe nubunini bwumushinga. Ku rwego rwabakora, ibigo nka CATL, BYD, LG Energy Solution, na Samsung SDI bitanga selile ya lithium - ion hamwe na bateri yuzuye muburyo butaziguye. Aba bakora mubusanzwe bakorana nini nini - abateza imbere imishinga yingirakamaro irenga MWh 10.
Urwego rwo gukwirakwiza rwuzuza icyuho cyibikorwa byubucuruzi ninganda. Ibigo nka Saft, Corvus Energy, na Simpliphi Power bikomeza kubara no gutanga inkunga ya tekiniki kumishinga iri hagati ya 100 kWh na MWh 10. Iri soko ryo hagati ryerekana hafi 37% byoherejwe na BESS kwisi yose ukurikije isesengura rya Wood Mackenzie 2024.
Kwishyira hamwe bifite akamaro kuruta uko wabitekereza.Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na 2024 bwakozwe na BloombergNEF bwerekanye ko imishinga ikoresha sisitemu ya - ihuriweho na sisitemu imwe yatanzwe n’abatanga isoko imwe yarangije kwishyiriraho 23% byihuse kuruta ibyo guteranya ibice biva mu bacuruzi benshi. Igihe cyo kuzigama cyahinduwe $ 15-20 kuri kilowati mugiciro cyakazi.
Uburyo bune bwo gushakisha
Uburyo butandukanye bwo gutanga amasoko bujyanye nibisabwa umushinga:
Amasoko ataziguyeikora iyo ingano yumubare irenga 500 kWh kandi igihe cyo kuyobora gishobora kongerera amezi 6-9. Ingufu za Tesla, nkurugero, zisaba ibicuruzwa byibuze hafi MW 2 kuri sisitemu ya Megapack. Inyungu yikiguzi iri hagati ya 8-12% ugereranije nigiciro cyabakwirakwiza, ariko amahitamo yihariye aba make.
Imiyoboro y'abakwirakwizatanga gutanga byihuse (4 - ibyumweru 12) nibisabwa bito (50-100 kWh). Abatanga ibicuruzwa nka Energy Toolbase na Greentech Renewable ikomeza ububiko bwaho mumasoko akomeye. Igihembo hejuru yibiciro bitaziguye byicara kuri 10-15%, ariko bikubiyemo serivisi zongerewe agaciro nkibishushanyo mbonera bya sisitemu hamwe nubuyobozi bwa garanti.
Sisitemu Yinjizanka Fluence, Wartsila, na Powin Ingufu zitanga ibisubizo bya tekinike ihuza ibice, ubwubatsi, nogushiraho. Uburyo bwabo bukora neza kubambere - abategura igihe badafite ubumenyi bwa tekinike -. Izi paki zahujwe zitegeka 18-25% priums hejuru yikiguzi cyibice ariko bigabanya ingaruka zumushinga.
Inzobere mu bigizekwibanda kuri sisitemu yihariye. Ibigo nka Dynapower na SMA Solar Technology ikora sisitemu yo guhindura amashanyarazi wenyine. Nuvation Energy yihariye sisitemu yo gucunga bateri. Iyi moderi yemerera kuvanga ibyiza - mubice bigize - ariko bisaba ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kuyobora imishinga.
Akagari ka Bateri na Module Inkomoko
Utugingo ngengabuzima twerekana 40-50% yikiguzi cyose cya BESS, bigatuma guhitamo abaguzi ari ingenzi kubukungu bwumushinga. Isoko rigabanyijemo ibyiciro bitatu bya shimi, buri kimwe gifite imiyoboro itandukanye.
Abatanga Litiyumu Iron Fosifate (LFP)
Inganda zUbushinwa ziganje mu musaruro wa LFP. CATL ifite imigabane igera kuri 32% kwisi yose kububiko bwa LFP selile. Utugingo ngengabuzima twa batiri tugera ku 6,000-10,000 ubuzima bwikuzimu kuri 80% byubujyakuzimu. EVE Ingufu na REPT Battero ikora nkibindi bisobanuro hamwe nicyumweru 12-16 cyo kuyobora mugihe cyo gutumiza hejuru ya MWh 1.
BYD ikora selile zombi hamwe na sisitemu ya batiri yuzuye. Uburyo bwabo bwuzuye burahamagarira abitezimbere bashaka - inkomoko yabazwa. Kohereza vuba aha muri Californiya byagaragaje 94.5% kuzenguruka - gukora neza murugendo rwa MWh 100.
Ikinyuranyo cy’ibihugu by’i Burayi gitanga amahirwe.Ikigo cya Northvolt cya Ett muri Suwede cyatangiye gukora LFP mu mpera za 2023, gitanga ibyumweru 6 mu mishinga y’uburayi. Aya masoko yaho agabanya ibihe byambere hamwe nibiciro ugereranije nibitumizwa muri Aziya.
Litiyumu Nickel Manganese Cobalt (NMC) Amahitamo
LG Energy Solution na Samsung SDI bayobora umusaruro wa NMC kubikorwa bya gride. Ingirabuzimafatizo zabo zitanga 20 - 30% zingufu zingana kurenza LFP - ingenzi kubikorwa byubatswe n'umwanya. Nyamara, ubuzima bwikizunguruka busanzwe bugera kuri 4000-5000 gusa kumurongo wimbitse.
Umusaruro wa Panasonic muri Nevada Gigafactory ikora cyane cyane imishinga yo muri Amerika ya ruguru. Impamyabumenyi yabo isaba amezi 3-6 kubakiriya bashya, ariko abaguzi bemewe bagera Windows 8-10 yo gutanga. Igiciro gikoresha $ 85-95 kuri kilowati kubicuruzwa birenga MWh 2.
SK On yinjiye mu isoko ryo guhunika muri 2023 abinyujije mu ruganda rwabo rwo muri Jeworujiya. Umusaruro wambere wibanze kuri sisitemu yamasaha 2 yigihe cyo gusaba ubucuruzi, hamwe namasaha 4 ateganijwe gutangira 2025.
Module na Rack Inteko
Mbere - modules ziteranijwe zorohereza kwishyira hamwe ugereranije namasoko ya selile. Amazi ya Sungrow - akonje ya bateri akonje ahuza imicungire yumuriro mubice 70 kWh bisanzwe. Igishushanyo mbonera cyabo cyemerera guhuza kugera kuri - igipimo cya megawatt.
Kokam kabuhariwe murwego rwo hejuru - imbaraga modules zo kugenzura inshuro nyinshi. Imiterere ya 26650 ya silindrike itanga igipimo cya 3C cyo gusohora hamwe nibiciro bisanzwe 1C biva muri selile prismatic. Ubu bushobozi bwimbaraga butegeka 30-35% yibiciro ariko bigushoboza gushushanya ibirenge bito bya serivisi bisaba igisubizo cyihuse.
Amasoko yo Guhindura Amasoko
Sisitemu yo guhindura ingufu (PCS) ihindura ingufu za batiri DC kuri AC grid ihuza. Izi mpinduka zombi zingana na 15-20% yikiguzi cya sisitemu kandi bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere.
Hashyizweho abakora PCS
SMA Solar Technology itanga inverter kuva 100 kW kugeza kuri 4,6 MW. Ububiko bwa Sunny Central Ububiko bwiganje mubikorwa byuburayi bifite ibyemezo byizewe mumyaka 15+ imyaka yoherejwe. Ubushakashatsi 2024 bwakozwe na DNV bwerekanye ko SMA yagumanye 98.3% nyuma yimyaka 10 ikora.
ABB's PCS800 ikurikirana yibikorwa byingirakamaro - imishinga minini. Ubwubatsi bwabo bwa modular butuma ubushobozi bupima kuva kuri MW 2 kugeza kuri MW 20 binyuze muburyo bubangikanye. Imikorere ya gride igezweho ikubiyemo inertia ya syntetique hamwe na voltage igenga - bigenda byingenzi nkuko kwinjira byiyongera.
Dynapower ikora PCS muburyo bwo kubika ingufu kuruta guhindura izuba. Iyi mikorere ituma ibintu bisa nkumukara wo gutangira ubushobozi hamwe ninzibacyuho hagati ya grid - ikurikira na grid - uburyo bwo gukora. Sisitemu zabo zihuza cyane hamwe na platform zitandukanye za BMS ugereranije nizuba - biva muri inverter.
Imiyoboro ivuka - Gushiraho ubushobozi
Guhinduranya kuri gride - gukora inverters ikora ibintu bishya bituruka. Imiyoboro gakondo - sisitemu ikurikira isaba imiyoboro ihamye ya gride ya voltage, igabanya imbaraga zayo mukarere ka gride idakomeye cyangwa microgrid zirwa. Imiyoboro - ikora PCS irashobora gushiraho voltage na frequency yigenga.
Nidec ASI yateje imbere gride - yo gushiraho ubushobozi murwego rwibicuruzwa byabo byiza. Ibizamini byo murwego rwo muri Ositaraliya byerekanaga imikorere ihamye hamwe na 100% inverter - ibikoresho bishingiye kubice bya gride yihariye. Ikoranabuhanga ryongeraho hafi $ 20-30 kuri kilowati kubiciro bya sisitemu ariko ifungura inzira nshya ziva muri serivisi zihamye.
Ikibazo cyo guhuza ibibazo gifite akamaro.Ibice byose bya PCS ntabwo bikora hamwe nubwoko bwose bwa bateri. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na EPRI 2024 bwerekanye imanza 12 aho PCS - zidahuye za batiri zatumye kwangirika byihuse cyangwa ibibazo bya garanti. Ababikora barushijeho kwerekana ibice byujuje ibyangombwa kugirango birinde ibyo bibazo.
Sisitemu yo gucunga bateri
Sisitemu yo gucunga bateri (BMS) gukurikirana no kugenzura selile - urwego rwumubyigano, ubushyuhe, nuburyo bwo kwishyuza. Iterambere rya BMS riteganya kunanirwa no guhitamo ingamba zo kwishyuza kugirango wongere ubuzima bwa bateri.
Ihuriro - Urwego BMS rutanga
Nuvation Energy ikora ibyuma bya BMS bigizwe na selile nini - imiterere ya selile prismatic selile. Module yabo ya BMSA10 ikurikirana selile zigera kuri 12 zifite ingufu za mV 2. Ubwubatsi bwagabanijwe butuma sisitemu yaguka kuva 100 kWh kugeza kuri - MWh igipimo ukoresheje ibice bimwe.
Orion BMS yibanda kubucuruzi bugera kuri MW 1. Sisitemu zabo zihuza bidasubirwaho nibirango bikomeye bya PCS kandi bigashyigikira imiti ya LFP na NMC. Porogaramu iboneza ituma ibicuruzwa byishyurwa byigenga hamwe nibipimo byumutekano nta buhanga bwo gutangiza gahunda.
Lithium Balance itanga BMS byumwihariko kuri bateri ya kabiri -. Mugihe bateri yimodoka yamashanyarazi igera kumpera - ya - imodoka - ubuzima bugera kuri 70 - 80% ubushobozi bwumwimerere, buracyakomeza kubaho mububiko buhagaze. Intego - yubatswe BMS ituma iki gice cyisoko ukoresheje selile - to-selile voltage irenze kwihanganira bisanzwe.
Kwishyira hamwe no gusesengura
Ihuriro rya BMS rigezweho rirenze igenzura ryibanze kubisesengura. Stem's Athena platform ikusanya amakuru mubice byinshi kugirango imenye uburyo bwo gutesha agaciro no guhitamo ingamba zo kohereza. Imashini yabo yiga algorithms yazamuye ubuzima bwa bateri 15-20% mugupima ugereranije na gahunda yibanze / gahunda yo gusohora.
Greensmith (yaguzwe na Wartsila) ihuza amakuru ya BMS na moteri yo kuzamura ubukungu. Sisitemu ihindura uburyo bwo kwishyuza bushingiye ku iteganyagihe ry’amashanyarazi hamwe n’ibiciro byangirika bya batiri. Igikorwa kimwe cya Texas cyongereye amafaranga yinjiza buri mwaka $ 42.000 binyuze mubucuruzi bwiza bwa kamarampaka bushoborwa nuru rwego rwubwenge.
Ibikoresho byo gucunga ubushyuhe
Kugenzura ubushyuhe bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere ya bateri no kuramba. Imiterere ya chimie selile yihuta mubushyuhe bwo hejuru, birashobora kugabanya igihe cyo kubaho 50% mugihe ikora buri gihe hejuru ya dogere 35.
Ubwoko bwa sisitemu yo gukonjesha
Ubukonje bwo mu kirerebirahagije kuri sisitemu nto ziri munsi ya 200 kWh mubihe - ibidukikije bigenzurwa. Ababikora nka Simpliphi Power bahuza ibyuma byubushyuhe hamwe nubushakashatsi bwa convection. Igiciro cyo kwishyiriraho gikoresha $ 8-12 kuri kilowati ariko ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe mububiko bwa batiri burashobora kugera kuri dogere 10-15.
Gukonjesha mu kirereikoresha abafana guhatira umwuka mwinshi muri moderi ya bateri. Umwuka wa Sungrow - ibikoresho bikonje bikomeza deltas yubushyuhe munsi ya dogere 5 hejuru ya bateri. Inzira yongeraho $ 15-20 kuri kilowati mu biciro hiyongereyeho gukoresha ingufu zikomeza zingana na 1-2% yubushobozi bwa sisitemu.
Gukonjeshaigera ku kugenzura ubushyuhe bukabije. Megapack ya Tesla ikwirakwiza glycol ivanze na plaque ikonje ihuriweho na moderi ya batiri. Ibi bikomeza ubushyuhe bwa selile muri℃2 dogere muri sisitemu yose. Ibisobanuro bitwara amadorari 35-45 kuri kilowati ariko itanga garanti irenga imyaka 20 mubihe bimwe.
Abatanga Ubushyuhe
Isosiyete ya Boyd ikora amasahani akonje hamwe nibikoresho byubushyuhe bwa porogaramu ya BESS. Byombi - icyiciro cyo gukonjesha icyiciro cyohereza ubushyuhe 3x neza kuruta sisitemu imwe yicyiciro -, itanga ibishushanyo mbonera byimbaraga.
Parker Hannifin itanga ibice bikwirakwiza hamwe na sisitemu yo gukurikirana. Uburyo bwabo bukomatanyije burimo pompe, indangagaciro, ibyuma byubushyuhe, hamwe no kugenzura algorithms mu nteko zabanjirije -. Uruganda rumwe rwatangaje ko 60% byagabanutse mugihe cyo guhuza ukoresheje Parker ihuriweho hamwe no guteranya ibice.
Ibikubiyemo hamwe na Turnkey Ibisubizo
Imbere - ihuriweho na sisitemu igizwe na sisitemu yohereza ibikorwa byingirakamaro - imishinga minini. Ibi bisubizo byuzuye birimo bateri, PCS, BMS, HVAC, kuzimya umuriro, hamwe na switchgear mubirindiro byikirere.
Sisitemu Nkuru
Ibicuruzwa bya Fluence Cube na GridStack byiganje mubikorwa byo muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru. 4.3 GWh ya sisitemu yoherejwe guhera hagati - 2024 itanga amakuru yimbitse. Impuzandengo yo kwishyiriraho ikora ibyumweru 6-8 kubisanzwe bisanzwe, ugereranije nibyumweru 12-16 kuri sisitemu yihariye.
Wartsila (binyuze mu kugura Greensmith) itanga GEMS Digital Energy Platform hamwe nibikoresho. Porogaramu ya software icunga sisitemu nyinshi za batiri, imirasire yizuba, hamwe na generator nkibikoresho byamashanyarazi byahujwe. Imishinga muri Californiya yerekanye 12-15% byateye imbere mubukungu binyuze muburyo bwiza bwo guhuza umutungo.
Powin Energy ikora sisitemu ya modular kuva 1 MW kugeza 10+ MW ikoresheje bateri yatanzwe nabatanga ibicuruzwa byinshi. Izi ngamba nyinshi - zitanga isoko yo gutanga amasoko - zikomeye bitewe n’ibura ry’akagari ryagize ingaruka ku nganda muri 2021-2022. Ihuriro ryabo rya Centipede ryemerera kuvanga ubwoko bwa bateri mubice bimwe.
Abatanga Uturere
Abanyaburayi binjiza nka Tesvolt na FENECON bakorera ibice byubucuruzi ninganda. TSvolt ya TS - I sisitemu kuva kuri 70 kWh kugeza 240 kWh ukoresheje module isanzwe. Gukora mubudage bigabanya igihe cyo gutanga kugeza ibyumweru 4-6 kumishinga yo muburayi bwo hagati.
Muri Ositaraliya, Ingufu Renaissance ikora sisitemu ikoresheje moderi ya batiri ikusanyirijwe hamwe. Ubu buryo bufata ingamba nziza zo kongera ingufu mu kongera ingufu mu gutanga isoko. 133 kWt Renaissance Intego imwe inyuma ya - ya - metero zubucuruzi.
Ibitekerezo byo gushakisha amasoko
Ibigize kuboneka nibiciro biratandukanye cyane mukarere bitewe nibikorwa byinganda, politiki yubucuruzi, hamwe nuyoboro wibikoresho.
Aziya - Isoko ryo gutanga Pasifika
Ubushinwa bukora hafi 75 - 80% bya lithium yisi - ion zo kubika bihagaze. Ibiciro birushanwe bituruka ku guhuza vertical spanning lithium ubucukuzi binyuze mumasoko. Ubusanzwe FOB Shanghai igura selile ya LFP ikoresha $ 70-80 kuri kilowati kuri megawatt-igipimo cyateganijwe.
Nyamara, ibiciro byo kohereza byiyongereyeho 200-300% ugereranije ninzego zabanjirije 2020. Sisitemu ya kontineri ya MWh 2 itwara $ 80.000-120.000 mu gutwara ibicuruzwa byo mu nyanja biva mu Bushinwa kugera ku byambu bya Amerika byo mu Burengerazuba. Amafaranga yakoreshejwe muri logisti yongeraho $ 40-60 kuri kilowati kubiciro byubutaka.
Ibihe byo kuyobora byiyongera mugihe cyibihe.Ibicuruzwa byashyizwe muri Q3-Q4 bikunze guhura na Windows yo gutanga amezi 6-9 mugihe ababikora bashira imbere amasezerano manini yingirakamaro. Abaguzi bafite ingamba batanga amabwiriza amezi 12-18 mbere yo gutanga ubushobozi.
Amajyaruguru ya Amerika
Ibikenewe mu gihugu mu itegeko ryo kugabanya ifaranga ritera isoko yo muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru. Imishinga ikoresha US - ibice byakozwe yakira 10 - 20% yinguzanyo zisoreshwa-bikuraho neza igiciro kiriho kubicuruzwa byimbere mu gihugu.
KORE Power ikora 12 GWh ikora inganda muri Arizona. Umusaruro wabo wo muri Amerika ugabanya ibihe biganisha ku byumweru 8-12 kandi bikuraho ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga biva mu Bushinwa. Igiciro gikora hafi 15% hejuru yubundi buryo bwa Aziya ariko imishinga yujuje ibisabwa igarura itandukaniro binyuze mumisoro.
Eos Ingufu zikora batteri ya zinc - muri Pennsylvania. Mugihe ingufu nkeya zigabanya ubukana busaba umwanya - porogaramu zabujijwe, chimie itanga ibimenyetso biranga umutekano kandi biteganijwe ko 20+ ubuzima bwumwaka. Abakiriya babo barimo ibikorwa byumuriro - ahantu hakunze kugabanywa ibiciro byumutekano.
Inkomoko y'Uburayi
Ikigo cya Northvolt cyo muri Suwede gitanga selile LFP na NMC mumishinga yuburayi. Ibiciro by’umusaruro urenze inganda zo muri Aziya ku 10-15%, ariko amasoko y’ibanze yirinda gutinda kohereza ibicuruzwa ndetse n’uburyo bwo guhindura imipaka ya karubone bishyirwa mu bikorwa n’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi.
Batiri ya Freyr irateganya 43 GWh yumusaruro muri Noruveje ukoresheje amashanyarazi - ituma "zero - carbone" icyemezo cya batiri. Amasezerano yabakiriya ya mbere yerekana ubushake bwo kwishyura 5 - 8% yigihembo cyumurongo ugaragara wa karubone nkeya mugihe ibigo bya ESG bikenewe.
Abatanga ibikoresho by'inyongera
Kurenga ibikoresho byingenzi byamashanyarazi, BESS yoherejwe bisaba guhagarika umuriro, kugenzura, nibikorwa remezo.
Sisitemu yo kuzimya umuriro
Inkongi y'umuriro ya Batiri irerekana ibibazo bidasanzwe byo guhagarika. Sisitemu gakondo ya spinkler yerekana ko idakora kuri lithium - ion yumuriro wo guhunga ibintu. Sisitemu yihariye yo gutahura no guhagarika ubu ikora ibice bisabwa kugirango yemeze ubwishingizi.
Firetrace ikora sisitemu yo guhagarika ibisasu byumwihariko kubikoresho bya batiri. Tekinoroji yabo itahura ibintu byubushyuhe muri milisegonda 100 kandi ikanashyiraho suppressants mbere yuko selile - kugeza - ikwirakwizwa rya selile. Abanditsi b'ubwishingizi barasaba sisitemu nyinshi, bakongeraho $ 8-15 kuri kilowati kubiciro byumushinga.
3M itanga Novec 1230 sisitemu yo guhagarika gaze izimya umuriro nta kwangiza amazi kubikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Umuriro umwe wa batiri ya West Coast wakoresheje sisitemu ya Novec watumye amafaranga yo gusimbuza module angana na $ 78.000 ugereranije n’amadolari 650.000 yatakaye mu muriro nk'uwo nta guhagarika.
Gukurikirana no kugenzura
Sisitemu ya SCADA (Igenzura no Kugenzura Data) ikusanya amakuru mubice byose bigize sisitemu. GE Digital's Proficy platform ikurikirana ibihumbi byamakuru kumasegonda, bigafasha kubungabunga no gukora neza.
Abatanga RTU (Remote Terminal Unit) nka Laboratoire ya Schweitzer batanga ibikoresho byo kubara ibyuma bihuza ibikoresho byo murwego rwo kugenzura hagati. Ubwizerwe bwa SEL mubidukikije bikaze - umucuruzi umwe yavuze ko 99.7% byigihe cyateganijwe mugihe cyubutayu burenga dogere 50 zubushyuhe bwibidukikije.
Impirimbanyi ya sisitemu
Inganda zikora nka Eaton na Schneider Electric zitanga ibikoresho - ibikoresho bya voltage bihuza BESS na insimburangingo. Ingano yimyenda ikwiye irinda ibihe birenze byangiza ibikoresho mumishinga myinshi yo hambere.
Abakora insinga zitanga amashanyarazi hamwe nogutumanaho kabili yagenwe kubidukikije BESS. Prysmian na Nexans batanga insinga zapimwe kuri 1000V DC hamwe n’umuriro mwinshi - zikomeye ukurikije ingufu nyinshi zirimo.
Ingamba zo gutanga amasoko no gutekereza
Gutsindira ibice byingirakamaro bisaba kuringaniza ibintu byinshi birenze kugereranya ibiciro byoroshye.
Impamyabumenyi no Kwipimisha
Ibikorwa byinshi nibikorwa byubucuruzi bisaba ibizamini byigenga mbere yo kwemeza ibikoresho. Ibizamini bya laboratoire nka UL, Intertek, na TÜV Rheinland bitanga serivisi zemeza. Bije ibyumweru 8-12 na $ 50-150.000 yo kugerageza byimazeyo ibice bishya.
Ibigeragezo byo murwego bigenda byinzira zujuje ibyangombwa. Umushinga "itara" ku gipimo gito cyemerera imikorere mbere yo koherezwa byuzuye. Iterambere rimwe ryagerageje abatanga bateri bahanganye kuri 500 kWh mbere yo guhitamo imwe ya 50 MWh kubaka - hanze.
Imiterere ya garanti
Amagambo ya garanti yingirakamaro agira ingaruka cyane mubukungu bwumushinga. Ababikora benshi bemeza 70 - 80% kugumana ubushobozi nyuma yigihe cya garanti-mubisanzwe imyaka 10-20. Nyamara, gutesha agaciro umurongo biratandukanye cyane kubicuruzwa.
Soma ibyanditse neza kumipaka yinjira.Garanti zimwe zitanga ingufu zose zinjira mugihe cya garanti. Batare yemerewe kuzenguruka 4000 ihura nimbogamizi: ukwezi kuzuye kumunsi kugera kumutwe mumyaka 11 ugereranije na garanti yimyaka 15. Imishinga irenze imipaka yinjira yatakaje garanti nubwo isigaye mugihe cyagenwe.
Imikorere yemeza ko wongeyeho garanti yibanze. Aya masezerano yiyemeje kurwego rwihariye rwo gukora cyangwa kuboneka kwijana, hamwe nindishyi ziseswa kubikorwa bidahwitse. Umushinga umwe wa Californiya wabonye ingwate zifite agaciro ka $ 250.000 buri mwaka - bingana na 3-4% byagaciro k'umushinga.
Murebure - manda Amasezerano ya serivisi
Amasezerano yo gutanga ibikoresho agomba gukemura inyandiko - inkunga yo kwishyiriraho. Ibyingenzi byingenzi birimo:
Ibice by'ibicuruzwa biboneka:Ibice byingenzi nkibibaho bya BMS cyangwa PCS igenzura bisaba gusimburwa byihuse. Umushinga umwe wahuye niminsi 23 ku gahato mugihe inama ya inverter yananiwe guhura nigihe cyicyumweru 6 cyo kuyobora kubatanga ibicuruzwa hanze.
Kuvugurura software:Porogaramu ya BMS na PCS ihinduka kugirango ikemure amakosa kandi yongere ibiranga. Menya neza ko uburenganzira bwo kuvugurura bwongerewe igihe cya garanti nta yandi mafaranga yemewe.
Inkunga ya tekiniki yitabira:Sobanura igihe cyo gusubiza SLAs haba kure kandi no kumurongo -. Amasezerano amwe agaragaza 4 - isaha yo guterefona hamwe namasaha 24 yoherejwe kurubuga kubitsinzwe bikomeye.
Amasoko agaragara
Isoko ryibigize BESS rikomeje gutera imbere byihuse, ritanga amahirwe mashya yo gushakisha isoko.
Icyakabiri - Kwinjiza Bateri Yubuzima
Automotive lithium - bateri ya ion isezera hafi 70 - 80% yubushobozi bwumwimerere itanga hasi - uburyo bwo kubika ibiciro. BMW na Nissan bashizeho gahunda zitanga paki yubuzima bwa kabiri muri EV. Ibiciro bikoresha $ 40-60 kuri kilowati na $ 100-120 kuri selile nshya.
Inzitizi zirimo voltage ihindagurika cyane muri selile hamwe nigihe gisigaye cyo kubaho. BMS yihariye ituruka mubigo nka Lithium Balance adresse ya voltage iringaniza, ariko agaciro gasigara gateganijwe bitwara gushidikanya. Imishinga yo kubungabunga ibidukikije isanzwe yerekana gusa 5 - 7 yimyaka 7 yubuzima bwa kabiri.
Sodium - Kwakira Ion
CATL yatangiye sodium yubucuruzi - ion yakozwe muri 2023. Ubucucike buke (120 - 150 Wh / kg na 150-200 kuri LFP) bugabanya porogaramu mugihe umwanya utagabanijwe. Nyamara, imikorere ikonje-ikirere cyiza hamwe nibikoresho byo hasi bitera gushimisha.
Kugeza ubu amasoko agarukira gusa ku bakora inganda mu Bushinwa, ariko amasosiyete menshi yo mu Burayi no muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru yatangaje ko umusaruro w’icyitegererezo muri 2024 - 2025. Ibiciro byerekana ibiciro byerekana 20-30% kugabanywa na LFP iyo umunzani wumusaruro-ushobora guhungabanya isoko ryo kubika amasaha 2-4.
Guteza imbere Urunigi rwo murugo
Inkunga za leta zihutisha inganda zo mu gihugu. Ishoramari rya Kanada ryinjije miliyari 13 z'amadorali ryashizeho uburyo bushya bwo gushakisha ibikoresho bya cathode, umusaruro w'utugari, hamwe no guteranya module. Imishinga hafi yama cluster yo muri Ontario na Québec igera kumurongo mugufi wo gutanga no kugabanya ifaranga.
Future Future Made in Australiya itera inkunga cathode precursor gutunganya no guteranya module. Ibi bituma Pasifika ishakisha ubundi buryo bwimishinga yo muri Aziya ishakisha uburyo butandukanye bwo gutanga ibicuruzwa kure yUbushinwa - umusaruro ushimishije.
Ibikorwa bifatika byo gushakisha
Ukurikije uburyo bwoherejwe neza, uburyo bwo gutanga amasoko buri gihe bigabanya ingaruka kandi bigabanya ibiciro.
Icyiciro cya 1: Ibisobanuro bisabwa
Kugaragaza neza imikoreshereze yimanza mbere yo kwishora kubatanga:
Igihe cyo gusezerera:Amasaha 1 yumuteguro usaba optimizasiyo itandukanye namasaha 4 yingufu
Inshuro zikurikira:Amagare ya buri munsi yihutisha gukoresha garanti nibikorwa bya buri cyumweru
Imbogamizi zurubuga:Ikirenge kiboneka gishobora gutegeka ibisabwa ingufu zingana
Imiyoboro ya gride:Ibisabwa guhuza ibikorwa byaho bigena PCS ibisobanuro
Ibidukikije:Ubushyuhe bukabije, uturere twa seisimike, cyangwa imyunyu yumunyu wo ku nkombe bigira ingaruka ku guhitamo ibice
Icyiciro cya 2: Multi - Isuzuma ryinkomoko
Irinde ingaragu - kwishingikiriza kumasoko yujuje ibyangombwa 2-3 kubikoresho byingenzi. Iterambere ry’isoko ryabashoramari ryatwaye amafaranga yatinze amezi 6 na miliyoni 2 zamadorari yinjiza igihe uwatangaga selile imwe yahuye nibibazo byumusaruro.
Saba ingero zo kwipimisha bikomeye. Ingero za bateri zitanga igenzura ryigenga ryihariye. Umushinga umwe wavumbuye ubushobozi bwa 12% buri munsi ugereranije namakuru ya datasheet - agaragaza itandukaniro mbere yo gusinya amasezerano yazigamye $ 350,000.
Icyiciro cya 3: Igiciro cyose
Gufata ibiciro byubuzima burenze igiciro cyo kugura:
Imirimo yo kwishyiriraho:Sisitemu - sisitemu ihuriweho igabanya imirimo yo mumurima amasaha 40-60 kuri MW
Ibisabwa byo gufata neza:Ibishushanyo bimwe byemerera gusimbuza module idakuyeho imirongo yegeranye, kugabanya igihe cyo kubungabunga
Igihombo cyiza:2% itandukanyirizo ryimikorere ihuza ingaruka zinjiza mumyaka 15-20 ubuzima bwumushinga
Igipimo cyo gutesha agaciro:Bateri igabanuka kugeza 70% mubushobozi bwumwaka wa 10 nu mwaka wa 15 bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumafaranga
Icyiciro cya 4: Gukwirakwiza amasezerano
Ingingo zingenzi zamasezerano zirinda agaciro umushinga:
Uburyo bwo guhindura ibicirokurinda ibiciro bihindagurika. Amasezerano amwe yahujije ibiciro byanyuma kubiciro bya lithium karubone kuva umunsi wo gutanga - kurinda umuguzi mugihe ibiciro byagabanutseho 35% mugihe cyamezi 9 yo kuyobora.
Gutinda kwangirikaindishyi zingengabihe yo gutanga. Ibisanzwe bisanzwe biri hagati ya 0.5-1% yibigize agaciro buri cyumweru cyo gutinda, gufatwa 10-15% byose hamwe.
Kwakira ibizamini bya protocoleSobanura ibipimo ngenderwaho. Shyiramo ingingo zo kwigenga kwa gatatu - kwipimisha amashyaka niba amakuru yumucuruzi adahuye nibisobanuro.
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa
Nibihe bisanzwe byo kuyobora ibihe bya BESS?
Ibihe byo kuyobora biratandukana bitewe nibice hamwe nubunini bwa gahunda. Utugingo ngengabuzima twa bateri duhereye ku nganda zikomeye zisaba amezi 6 - amezi 12 yo gutumiza hejuru ya MWh 2, nubwo abagurisha bafite ububiko buke buboneka mu byumweru 4-8. Sisitemu yo guhindura ingufu mubisanzwe yohereza mumezi 3-4. Sisitemu yuzuye igizwe kuva kumezi 6-8 kubisanzwe bisanzwe kugeza kumezi 12-15 kubishushanyo mbonera. Ibicuruzwa bitangwa muri iki gihe byerekana iterambere kuva 2021-2022 bitinze, ariko gutegura amezi 12-18 biri imbere biracyari byiza kubikorwa byingirakamaro.
Nshobora kuvanga ibice biva mubikorwa bitandukanye?
Kuvanga ibice birashoboka ariko bisaba ubwitonzi bwa sisitemu. Ingirabuzimafatizo zigomba guhura na voltage hamwe no kwihanganira ubushobozi - mubisanzwe ± 2%. BMS na PCS bigomba kuvugana binyuze muri protocole ihuje nka Modbus cyangwa CAN bus. Icyingenzi cyane, genzura ko uburyo bwawe bwo kwishyira hamwe budakuraho garanti yibigize. Imishinga myinshi yahuye namakimbirane ya garanti mugihe abatanga isoko bavuga ko batsinzwe biturutse ku guhuza nabi hamwe nagatatu -. Ibisubizo bihuriweho nabakora inganda imwe bigabanya izo ngaruka.
Nigute ibikenerwa murugo bigira ingaruka kumasoko yibigize?
Itegeko ryo kugabanya ifaranga ry’Amerika ritanga 10 - 20% y’inguzanyo zisoreshwa ku mishinga ikoresheje ibikoresho byakorewe mu gihugu. Ibigize bigomba kuba byujuje ibyateganijwe mu gihugu: 40% ku bicuruzwa byakozwe mu 2024, bikiyongera kugera kuri 55% muri 2027. Utugingo ngengabuzima twakorewe muri Amerika ya Ruguru twujuje ibisabwa tutitaye ku nkomoko yabanjirije. Ibicuruzwa byakozwe nabanyakanada bibarwa nkimbere mugihugu cya USMCA. Abashinzwe umushinga bagomba kwerekana urugero rw’imbere mu gihugu n’ibitumizwa mu mahanga kugira ngo hamenyekane uburyo bwiza bw’ubukungu bushingiye ku misoro yihariye n’igihe ntarengwa.
Ni izihe mpamyabumenyi zigomba kuba zifite?
Impamyabumenyi zingenzi zirimo UL 1973 kuri sisitemu ya batiri, UL 9540 kuri sisitemu yo kubika ingufu zuzuye, na UL 9540A kuri protocole yo gupima umuriro. Icyemezo cya IEEE 1547 cyerekana imiyoboro ihuza imiyoboro. Impamyabumenyi mpuzamahanga nka IEC 62619 cyangwa CE ikimenyetso cyorohereza amasoko ku isi. Ibikorwa bimwe bikomeza urutonde rwabacuruzi bemewe bisaba protocole yihariye. Saba ibyemezo byimpamyabumenyi hakiri kare mugushakisha isoko - imishinga myinshi yavumbuwe itinze ko ibice byatoranijwe bidafite ibyemezo bisabwa, guhatira gusimburwa bihenze cyangwa gahunda yo kwipimisha yagutse.
Kujya Imbere hamwe na Sourcing
Ibice bituruka kumasoko yibikorwa byubukungu bwumushinga, kwiringirwa, nibikorwa bikora mugihe cyimyaka 15-20 sisitemu yubuzima. Imiterere ikomeje kugenda itera imbere uko ubushobozi bwo gukora bwaguka mu turere kandi n’ikoranabuhanga rishya rigaragara.
Reba ibyifuzo byumushinga wawe byihariye mugihe cyigihe, uburyo bwo gusiganwa ku magare, imbogamizi zurubuga, nigihe ntarengwa mugihe usuzuma abatanga isoko. Igiciro cyo hasi cyane ntabwo buri gihe gitanga ibyiza byumushinga - cyane cyane mugihe itandukaniro ryimikorere, igipimo cyo gutesha agaciro, cyangwa garanti yingirakamaro bigira ingaruka ndende - agaciro kigihe.
Kubaka umubano nabatanga ibicuruzwa byinshi murwego rwo gutanga bitanga guhinduka nkuko isoko ihinduka. Umwe mubateza imbere ubunararibonye akomeza abatanga isoko babishoboye kumugabane wa gatatu, ubemerera guhitamo amasoko ukurikije ibihe bigezweho, ibiciro, nigipimo cyivunjisha.
Ibyemezo bya tekiniki byafashwe mugihe cyo gutoranya ibice bizagira ingaruka kumikorere yawe mumyaka mirongo. Gufata umwanya wo gusuzuma neza amahitamo, kugerageza ibice byingenzi, hamwe nuburyo bukwiye bwo kurinda amasezerano birerekana ko bifite agaciro ugereranije nubuzima bwikigereranyo.
Ibyingenzi Byingenzi Kubitanga Amasoko:
Huza ubushobozi bwibikoresho kugirango ukoreshe ibintu byihariye bisabwa (igihe cyo gusohora, inshuro zingana, imbaraga zikenewe)
Suzuma ibiciro byubuzima bwose harimo kwishyiriraho, gutakaza imikorere, nigipimo cyo gutesha agaciro - ntabwo ari igiciro cyo kugura gusa
Kwemeza abatanga ibicuruzwa byinshi murwego rwibice kugirango ukomeze urwego rwogutanga ibintu
Bije 12 - amezi 18 yo kugura amasoko yingirakamaro harimo ibizamini hamwe nubushobozi
Kugenzura amagambo ya garanti witonze, cyane cyane imipaka yinjira hamwe ningwate yimikorere
Reba ibikorwa byo gukora mukarere hamwe ningaruka zabyo mubukungu bwumushinga
Menya neza ko ibice byose bitwara ibyemezo bisabwa kububasha bwawe no guhuza ibikorwa
Imiterere yamasezerano hamwe noguhindura ibiciro, gutinza ibyangiritse, hamwe na protocole yo kwakirwa neza
Basabwe Gutanga Urunigi:
Utugari twa Bateri: Shiraho umubano nabatanga 2-3 hirya no hino
Guhindura imbaraga: Pre - yujuje ibyangombwa abacuruzi ba PCS bahujwe na bateri yatoranijwe
Kwishyira hamwe kwa Sisitemu: Suzuma abatanga ibintu byombi hamwe nuburyo bwo guteranya ibice
Sisitemu y'inyongera: Inkomoko yo kuzimya umuriro no kugenzura ibikoresho hakiri kare
Kwipimisha no Kwemeza: Bije igihe gihagije numutungo wo kwemeza byigenga