Uwitekasisitemu yo guhindura imbaraga(PCS) ni intera iri hagati ya bateri na gride ya power cyangwa AC umutwaro. Ntabwo igena gusa ubwiza bwimbaraga nibiranga imbaraga za sisitemu yo kubika ingufu za batiri, ariko kandi bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumutekano wa bateri no kumara igihe. Ukurikije umuzenguruko wa topologiya hamwe nuburyo bwo guhindura ibintu, ubwoko bwibanze bwa PCS burashobora kugabanwa mububasha - intambwe yintambwe - hejuru yubwoko hamwe na - voltage itaziguye - ubwoko bwihuza, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo.
Kugeza ubu, urwego rwa voltage rwamatsinda asanzwe ya bateri ntirurenga 1500V, kandi hariho intera ihindagurika bitewe nuburyo bwishyurwa (SOC). Kubwibyo, kugirango uhuze na voltage ibisabwa bya gride cyangwa imizigo itandukanye, transformateur yumurongo wamashanyarazi akenshi iba igizwe kuruhande rwa AC ya PCS (Sisitemu yo guhindura amashanyarazi). Ibi ntabwo bigera gusa kuri AC voltage yongerera imbaraga cyangwa amabwiriza, ahubwo binemerera gushiraho uburyo butatu - icyiciro cya kane - sisitemu y'insinga muri sisitemu ya - ya gride yo gutanga imitwaro imwe -. Byongeye kandi, itezimbere uburinzi hamwe na electromagnetic ihuza guhuza sisitemu yo kubika ingufu.
Ukurikije umubare wibyiciro, intambwe yumurongo wintambwe - hejuru yubwoko PCS irashobora kugabanywa murwego rumwe - icyiciro na kabiri - icyiciro cya topologiya.
Imbaraga - intambwe yumurongo - hejuru imwe - icyiciro PCS itanga imikorere myiza nuburyo bworoshye; icyakora, ibabazwa nubushobozi buke bwa bateri kandi ihindagurika muguhitamo voltage. Byongeye kandi, ikosa rigufi - ryumuzunguruko kuruhande rwa DC ya PCS birashobora gutuma byoroshye kwiyongera kwinshi mumashanyarazi ya bateri, bigatera ingaruka zikomeye. Icyiciro kimwe - icyiciro PCS irashobora kandi gushyirwa mubice bibiri - urwego, bitatu - urwego, cyangwa sisitemu nyinshi - urwego rushingiye kumurongo usohoka wa voltage. Mugihe umubare winzego wiyongera, urwego rwa DC rwumuvuduko nubushobozi bwimbaraga za PCS birashobora kurushaho kunozwa, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo.
Imbaraga - kuzamura inshuro - andika kabiri - icyiciro cya PCS, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 2 - 22, cyashyizweho hamwe na DC / DC ihindura ibyerekezo byombi kuri terefone yinjira, byongera ubushobozi bwa paki ya batiri kandi bikongerera ubworoherane bwo guhitamo amashanyarazi menshi, kandi bishobora kugera ku kugenzura kwigenga kwa paki nyinshi. Ariko, ifite igiciro kinini, igereranije igoye, kandi ikora neza. Ukurikije imiterere itandukanye ya DC / DC ihindura, ibyiciro bibiri - icyiciro PCS irashobora kugabanwa muburyo butari - bwitaruye kandi bwitaruye. Icyiciro cya - cyitaruye PCS irashobora kurushaho kunoza igipimo cy’imihindagurikire y’umubyigano kandi ikagira n’imihindagurikire y’amashanyarazi ya batiri, ariko igishushanyo mbonera kinini - cyashyizwe hejuru - kuzamura igipimo cyerekezo cyerekezo DC / DC cyerekana ibibazo bikomeye bya tekiniki. Ingorane nyamukuru zirimo hejuru - voltage transformateur igishushanyo, sisitemu ya insulasiyo, icyiciro-gihinduka cyangwa urukurikirane rwa resonant yoroshye guhinduranya, hamwe nubushakashatsi bwimbaraga nyinshi.
Kuri bateri ya lithium - ion, zisanzwe zikoreshwa muri sisitemu nini yo kubika ingufu nini -, ingufu z'umuvuduko ntizishobora gutandukana cyane iyo leta yishyuye (SOC) iri hagati ya 15% na 85%. Kubwibyo, byinshi binini - sisitemu yo kubika ingufu zikoreshwa muri iki gihe mu gihugu cyanjye zikoresha sisitemu imwe - icyiciro cyo guhindura amashanyarazi (PCS). Ariko, mugihe ingufu za DC zegereye 1500V, ibyiciro bitatu - urwego rwa topologiya bizagenda byiyongera. Sisitemu yo kubika ingufu za batiri 1500V igabanya ikirenge gikenewe hamwe no gukoresha ibikoresho byamashanyarazi nkibisanduku byo guhinduranya hamwe ninsinga za DC, bityo bikagabanya ibiciro bya sisitemu kurwego runaka. Ariko, kubera intera ngufi iri hagati ya bateri na PCS, ntabwo itanga igabanuka rikomeye ryigihombo cya DC cyagaragaye mumashanyarazi manini - nini y’amashanyarazi. Ikigeretse kuri ibyo, ishyira imikorere ihanitse kubice nkibice bibiri byerekanwa byumuzunguruko wa DC hamwe nabahuza ba DC. Umutekano w'amashanyarazi no kurinda umuzenguruko wa DC ni ikibazo cy'ingenzi mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya sisitemu.
Kugirango ushoboze ikoreshwa rya ultra - nini - igipimo cya ingufu za batiri zibika ingufu za batiri, no kwirinda guhuza guhuza amapaki menshi ya batiri, kimwe no kwirinda igihombo cyatewe na transformateur yumuriro wumuriro no kugabanya ibiciro, - voltage itaziguye - ihuza PCS nuburyo bwububiko bwa kasike bwabaye icyerekezo gikomeye cyubushakashatsi. Bisa na power frequency intambwe - hejuru PCS, hejuru - voltage itaziguye - ihuza PCS irashobora kandi kugabanywamo icyiciro kimwe - icyiciro na bibiri - icyiciro cya topologiya ukurikije umubare wibyiciro byo guhindura ingufu.
Indangantego imwe - icyiciro PCS irashobora gusohora ingufu nyinshi zidafite amashanyarazi yumurongo wamashanyarazi, ugahita uhuza umuyagankuba wo hejuru - umuyagankuba, bigatuma ubasha kubaka ultra - nini - sisitemu yo kubika ingufu. Imiterere ya casade igera kumurongo mwinshi - urwego rusohoka, rwemeza ko umusaruro muke wa voltage uhuza ndetse hamwe na franse nkeya yo guhinduranya muri module imwe, bityo bikagabanya igihombo cyo guhinduranya. Nyamara, kasike imwe - icyiciro PCS isaba kwigana kuruhande rwa DC, bikaviramo guhangayikishwa cyane na voltage nkeya, bikenera igishushanyo cyihariye. Hariho inzira - uburyo bugezweho hagati ya buri bapaki ya batiri nubutaka, bisaba ibisubizo kubisanzwe - uburyo bwo guhagarika ibintu.
Kwishyuza no gusohora amashanyarazi ya paki ya bateri arimo impanuka ya kabiri - ihuza, ibyo bikaba bigira ingaruka mbi kumuhanda wa bateri kandi byongera ibiciro. Cascaded imwe - icyiciro PCSs irashobora kugabanywa cyane cyane muri H - ikiraro cascade na modular multilevel ihindura (MMC) ubwoko bwa caskade, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo.
Muri rusange, hejuru - voltage itaziguye - ihuza PCS (Sisitemu yo Guhindura Imbaraga) nigisubizo cyingenzi kugirango gikemure ibibazo byumutekano nibikorwa neza bizanwa na ultra - ubushobozi bunini bwa sisitemu yo kubika ingufu. Ariko, ishyira ibyangombwa byinshi byokwirinda kumashanyarazi ya batiri hamwe na DC / DC yihariye, ibyo bikaba bigabanya kwakirwa no kuyikoresha. Byongeye kandi, hari imbogamizi muburyo bwo gutondekanya, guhuza amashanyarazi, no gushushanya umutekano wa ultra - sisitemu nini ya batiri.