Igisubizo kigufi ni yego - ariko niho ibisubizo byoroshye birangirira. Nyuma yo gusesengura ibyubatswe 186 byubucuruzi nubucuruzi, kwibira mubukungu bwimishinga 27 yingirakamaro -, no kuvugana nabayobozi bashinzwe ibikoresho bakoresheje sisitemu ya BESS izuba, ikintu kimwe cyaragaragaye: guhuza ububiko bwa batiri hamwe nizuba ryizuba bizigama amafaranga muburyo butunguranye ababarirwa mubiciro benshi babura rwose.
Dore ibyo ntawe ukubwira imbere: Uruganda rukora muri Californiya rwagabanije fagitire y’ingufu ku kigero cya 73%, bitanyuze mu bukemurampaka bw’ibanze (kubika ingufu zihenze nyuma), ariko mu gukuraho amafaranga yasabwaga yatwaraga amadorari 4.800 buri kwezi. Hagati aho, umukiriya utuye muri Texas yabonye 18% gusa yo kuzigama kuko imiterere yabyo yatumaga ububiko butagira agaciro. Ibyuma byari bimwe. Ibizavamo? Isi itandukanye.
Ntabwo arinkuru ivuga niba BESS ikora - ikora neza. Ibi bijyanye no gusobanukirwa nuburyo butatu - imiterere yikiguzi igena niba ikorawowe.
Ubukungu Bwihishe: Mubyukuri Bitwara izuba RIKIZA
Isesengura ryinshi rihagarara kuri "kubika ingufu zihenze, koresha ingufu zihenze." Urwo ni urwego rumwe. Ariko ubukungu bwa BESS bukora mubyiciro bitatu bitandukanye, kandi kubura bibiri byimbitse ni nko kugura icyuma cyingabo zu Busuwisi utekereza ko ari icyuma gusa.
Igice cya mbere: Arbitrage yingufu(Kuzigama bigaragara)
Sisitemu yo kubika ingufu za bateri yemerera abaguzi kubika - igiciro cyingufu zizuba no kuyisohora mugihe igiciro cyamashanyarazi gihenze, gifasha ibigo kwirinda amafaranga menshi yimisoro no kugabanya ibiciro byakazi. Mu masaha yo ku manywa iyo imirasire y'izuba itanga umusaruro mwinshi, amashanyarazi arenze abikwa. Ngwino nimugoroba - iyo izuba ryamanutse kuri zeru ariko ibyo ukoresha - bateri isohoka aho gukuramo gride.
Ku mazu afite umwanya - ya - gukoresha (TOU) ibiciro, ibi bitanga agaciro ako kanya. Mu bice bifite igihe - cya - cyo gukoresha, sisitemu ya batiri irashobora kuzigama 20 - 30% kumafaranga yumuriro wa buri kwezi ubika ingufu zihenze zitari nziza kugirango zikoreshwe mugihe gihenze. Niba ibikorwa byawe byishyuza $ 0.08 / kWt nijoro ariko $ 0.32 / kWt kuva 4-9 PM, bateri ya 13.5 kWh ihindura 40% yimikoreshereze yawe ya buri munsi irashobora kuzigama $ 730 buri mwaka.
Ariko hano niho bigushimisha.
Igice cya kabiri: Gusaba Kurandura Amafaranga(Umukino - Guhindura ubucuruzi)
BESS ifite ubushobozi bwo kugabanya ibiciro byingufu kugera kuri 80% mubikorwa byubucuruzi ninganda, cyane cyane mukarere gasabwa amafaranga asabwa. Ibigo byinshi byubucuruzi ntabwo byishyura kilowatt - amasaha yakoreshejwe - bishyura amafaranga atandukanye ukurikije ingufu zabo zirenga iminota 15 buri kwezi.
Tekereza amafaranga asabwa nkamafaranga yibihano kuba umuntu ufunga umuhanda mugihe cyihuta. Ibikorwa bikeneye kubaka ibikorwa remezo bishoboye gukemura umutwaro wawe wo hejuru, nubwo bimara iminota 15 gusa buri kwezi. Bakwishyuza.
Ikigo cyamakuru gishushanya 500 kW mugihe gito gishobora kwishyura amadorari 15-20 kuri kilowati yishyurwa ($ 7.500- $ 10,000 buri kwezi) hejuru yumuriro usanzwe. BESS ikora nk'imashini ikurura, ifata iyo mpinga uhita wuzuza ingufu za gride n'imbaraga zabitswe. Kuzigama? Akenshi binini kuruta ingufu za kamarampaka hamwe.
Fata ibintu bifatika: Imirasire y'izuba 100kW yubucuruzi hamwe na 200kWh BESS mububiko bwagabanijwe yakuyeho 89% byamafaranga asabwa mumezi 18, bizigama $ 156,000 buri mwaka. Sisitemu yaguze $ 340.000 yashyizweho. Kwishura? Imyaka 2.2. Utabanje gusobanukirwa ningaruka zisabwa, uwo mukiriya umwe yaba yarabaze imyaka 12 yo kwishyura ashingiye gusa kuri kamarampaka yingufu.
Igice cya gatatu: Imiyoboro ya Serivisi yinjira(Amahirwe Yavutse)
Urusobe rukeneye guhinduka kuruta uko rukeneye ubushobozi bwo kubyara. BESS irashobora gutanga ubushobozi bwogukora kubakoresha gride mugihe cyihutirwa, hamwe nububiko bwingufu bizwi nkibikoresho bishobora gutanga ubushobozi buhamye bwo guteganya ibikoresho bihagije.
Imbere - utekereza ba nyiri BESS bahembwa serivisi nka:
Kugena inshuro: Batteri isubiza muri milisegonda kugirango ihindagurika rya gride yumurongo, yinjiza $ 10-40 / kW buri kwezi
Amasoko yubushobozi: Uturere tumwe na tumwe twishyura ba nyiri BESS $ 50 - 150 / kW-umwaka gusa kubera ubushobozi buhari
Saba gahunda yo gusubiza: Abafite amazu ya Texas barashobora kwitabira gahunda yo gukwirakwiza ingufu z'amashanyarazi (ADER), kugurisha ingufu zisagutse kuri gride mugihe ERCOT yerekana ko ikenewe cyane
500kWh yubucuruzi BESS mubutaka bwa PJM yinjije amadolari 67.000 mumwaka wambere wayo binyuze mumabwiriza yumurongo - yinjiza abaho rwose atagendeye kumafaranga yikigo.
Kugabanuka kw'Ibiciro Byahinduye Byose
Imyaka itanu irashize, BESS ubukungu bwasaga nkaho butandukanye. Impuzandengo yikigereranyo cya BESS ya metero 20 ya DC muri Amerika yagabanutse kugera ku madolari 148 / kWt mu 2024, ikamanuka ikava ku madolari 180 / kWt mu 2023-hafi kabiri ikava ku mpinga 2022 zingana na $ 270 / kWt.
Impuzandengo ya sisitemu yo kubika ingufu za turnkey yagabanutseho 40% kuva 2023 kugeza 2024, igera ku $ 165 / kWh - igabanuka rikomeye ryumwaka kuva ubushakashatsi bwatangira muri 2017. Mu Bushinwa, amasaha 4 yamashanyarazi ya BESS yageze ku giciro cya $ 85 / kWt ku nshuro ya mbere mu 2024.
Byagenze bite? Imbaraga eshatu zihuza:
Igipimo cyo gukora
Ibikoresho bya bateri birashobora kugabanuka hafi 40% kuva $ 160 / kWt kugeza munsi ya $ 100 / kWt muri 2030, biterwa no kongera ingano ya selile no kuzamura ingufu. Abakora bateri b'Abashinwa bongereye ubushobozi bwo gukora kuva kuri 100 GWh kugeza kuri 1, 500+ GWh buri mwaka hagati ya 2020-2024. Ubukungu bwikigereranyo bwatangiye gukomera.
Amashanyarazi
Litiyumu ya fosifate (LFP) bateri - ihendutse kubyara kuruta nikel - ishingiye ku miti - yafashe. Kugeza mu 2024, bateri ya lithium fer fosifate yabaye ingirakamaro mububiko bunini kubera kuboneka kwinshi, igihe kirekire, n'umutekano mwinshi ugereranije na nikel - ishingiye kuri lithium -. LFP igura make kuko ikuraho nikel na cobalt ihenze mugihe itanga ubushyuhe bwiza.
Ibiciro by'ibikoresho
Ibiciro bya karubone ya Litiyumu byagabanutseho 83% kuva hejuru ya 2022 $ 80.000 / toni kugeza munsi ya $ 14,000 / toni mu mpera za 2024. Nubwo lithiyumu ari 3 - 5% yikiguzi cyose cya BESS, impinduka zo mumitekerereze zingirakamaro-abayikora barushanwaga cyane ko bazagabanuka.
Igikorwa gifatika: NREL umushinga wa lithium - ion BESS igiciro gishobora kugabanuka 47% mugihe cya 2030 mugihe cyagenwe giciriritse, hamwe no kugabanuka kwa 68% muri 2050. Sisitemu yatwaye $ 450 / kWh yashyizweho muri 2020 ubu ikoresha $ 250-350 / kWt bitewe nubunini n'ibisobanuro.
Kuri nyir'urugo, ibi byahinduye bateri $ 22,000 muri bateri $ 14,000. Ku kigo cyubucuruzi gishyiraho 500kWh, yogoshe $ 80.000- $ 120,000 kubiciro byimbere. Ibihe byo kwishyura byahagaritswe.
Kugenzura Ukuri Kwishura: Iyo Imibare ihuye nisi nyayo
Ibihe byo kwishyura biratandukanye cyane kuko BESS ubukungu ni hyperlocal. Dore icyo amakuru nyayo yerekana:
Imirasire y'izuba - Byongeye - Ububiko
Ugereranyije abaguzi b'izuba baracika no mu myaka 7-10, bizigama hagati ya $ 37,000 na $ 148,000 mugihe cyimyaka 25 ubuzima bwa sisitemu. Ariko ongeraho ububiko, nibice by'ishusho:
Urubanza rwiza.
Urubanza ruciriritse(Texas, Arizona, New York): 8-12 yo kwishyura hamwe nuburyo bwiza bwa TOU nagaciro keza
Ikibazo kibi cyane.
Imirasire y'izuba yongeraho ibihumbi byinshi byamadorari mugiciro cyo kwishyiriraho izuba, hamwe nubuzima busanzwe bwa bateri yimyaka 10 - 15 bisaba gusimburwa mubuzima bwa sisitemu. Ukuri gukabije: Niba usimbuye bateri buri myaka 12 kumasoko aringaniye, ntushobora kugera kuri ROI nziza kububiko.
Ariko kwihangana bifite agaciro karenze amadorari. Iyo gride ya Texas yaguye muri Gashyantare 2021, hasigara amazu miliyoni 4.5 adafite amashanyarazi, BESS - amazu afite ibikoresho yagumanye ingufu. Hafi ya kimwe cya - kimwe cya 2022 cy’amashanyarazi muri Amerika cyabereye muri Californiya, ari nacyo cyahuye n’umuriro mwinshi muri rusange mu myaka 20 ishize kibaye 2,684. Kubakiriya bamwe, iminsi itatu yo kugarura imbaraga isobanura ishoramari utitaye ku mibare yubukemurampaka.
Ubucuruzi & Solar Solar - Byongeye - Ububiko
Imibare ihindagurika cyane mubucuruzi. Amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba agereranya igihe cyo kwishyura cyo mu myaka 10.43 hamwe na ROI ugereranije na 13.52%, bigahora bisumba ishoramari gakondo nk'imigabane kuri S&P 500.
Gucamo ibice ukurikije sisitemu:
Igisenge - cyashizweho mubucuruzi: Impuzandengo yo kwishyura yimyaka 10.25
Impamvu - yashyizwe mu bucuruzi: Impuzandengo yo kwishyura yimyaka 11,85
Iyo ububiko bwinjiye muburinganire, kwishyura byihuta niba amafaranga asabwa ahari. Igihe cyiza cyo kwishyura kuri BESS nizuba mubisabwa mubucuruzi ntibiri munsi yimyaka icumi, nubwo ibi bitandukanye cyane bitewe nibisabwa ingufu zikenewe.
Pennsylvania iyoboye hamwe na 14.45% ROI na 9.42 - umwaka wo kwishyura izuba ryubucuruzi, naho Maryland ikurikiranira hafi hamwe na 14.25% ROI na 9.82 -. Iyi mibare yerekana izuba - sisitemu gusa; ongeraho uko bikwiye - Ingano ya BESS kubisabwa-byishyurwa cyane mubisanzwe bikuramo imyaka 2-4 uhereye igihe cyo kwishyura.
Igwiza ryinshi
Inguzanyo y’imisoro n’ishoramari itanga 30% yinguzanyo ku zuba - hiyongereyeho - igura rya sisitemu yo kubika kugeza mu 2032, hamwe n’inguzanyo ziyongeraho 10% niba sisitemu zujuje ibisabwa mu gihugu. Ntabwo ari kugabanywa - ni amadorari - yo kugabanya - kugabanya amadolari y’imisoro.
Kuri sisitemu yubucuruzi $ 50.000, ayo ni $ 15,000 ako kanya. Sisitemu yubucuruzi iri munsi ya 1 MW AC yujuje ibyangombwa byinguzanyo, kandi igipimo cya 30% kigumaho kugeza 2032 mbere yo kuva kuri 26% muri 2033 na 22% muri 2034.
Californiya yongeyeho leta - urwego rwo gushimangira. Binyuze muri gahunda - Gahunda yo Guteza Imbere Igisekuru (SGIP), abakiriya batuye bahabwa $ 150 - 200 kuri kilowati yubushobozi bwo kubika ingufu, bivuze ko bateri 10 kWh yujuje $ 1.500 - 2000 mugusubizwa. Shyira hamwe hamwe na 30% yinguzanyo ya federasiyo, hamwe na bateri 12,000 $ igura neza $ 6.300 hanze yumufuka.
Ibintu bitatu aho izuba BESS Ubukungu Bwangirika
Ntabwo ibintu byose bishyigikira ububiko. Dore aho imibare yananiwe:
Urugero rwa 1: Flat - Igipimo, Hasi - Ibiciro by'amashanyarazi
Niba ibikorwa byawe byishyuza $ 0.09 / kWh utitaye kumwanya - wumunsi - kandi akarere kawe gake gake gacika intege, amahirwe yo gukemura ingufu arashira. Urimo kubika ingufu kuri $ 0.09 kugirango wirinde kugura ku ... $ 0.09. Keretse niba wishyuye amafaranga asabwa cyangwa winjiza serivise ya gride, BESS ihinduka $ 10, 000+ imashini itanga imashini idafite amafaranga yo kuzigama kugirango yishyure igiciro cyayo.
Ibice bya pasifika y'amajyaruguru yuburengerazuba, aho ingufu z'amashanyarazi zituma ibiciro biri hasi kandi bihamye, bigwa muri uyu mutego. AHO gutura hariya bishobora gufata 20+ imyaka kugirango ucike no kubitsa ingufu wenyine.
Urugero rwa 2: Imirasire y'izuba ntoya hamwe nibisekuru birenze urugero
2 - 3% gusa ya sisitemu yo kubika ingufu muri Amerika iri inyuma ya - metero BESS, nubwo kwishyira hamwe nibishobora kwiyongera. Niba izuba ryanyu ryujuje ibyokurya kumanywa hamwe nibisigara bike byo kubika, ntushobora gufata agaciro ka kamarampaka neza. Batare yicaye ahanini idafite akazi cyangwa yuzuza bike.
Imirasire y'izuba ya 4kW murugo ikoresha 25 kWh kumunsi irashobora kubyara 5 kWh mugihe cyizuba ryinshi. Kubika ko muri bateri ya 13.5 kWh bivuze ko ukoresha 37% yubushobozi. Wishyuye 13.5 kWh ariko ukora neza sisitemu ya 5 kWh. Igiciro kuri kWh ikoreshwa cyane.
Umuti? Iburyo - ububiko bunini kubisekuru byawe birenze urugero, cyangwa kuzamura izuba niba umutwaro ubyemereye.
Urugero rwa 3: Ibidukikije bigenga urwango rwo kubika
Ibikorwa bimwe byashyize mubikorwa politiki ihana ububiko:
Igihe cyo kuvangura - cya - gukoresha ibicirokuzamura - ibiciro byo hejuru kugirango bikureho ubukemurampaka
Amafaranga yo gutegerezakuri grid - ihuza BESS ihakana amafaranga yo kuzigama
Amategeko yo guhuzabisaba kuzamura ibiciro bihenze kuri BESS nubwo izuba rimaze guhuzwa
Mbere yo gukora igishoro, genzura akamaro kawe ntiguca intege kubika binyuze muri politiki. Hamagara byihuse kubantu batatu bashiraho izuba babaza "Ese [izina ryingirakamaro] rituma ububiko bugora mubukungu?" hejuru yibi bibazo byihuse.
Igiciro Wibagiwe: Ibyo Ugura Mubyukuri
BESS ntabwo ari ibyuma gusa - ni uburyo bwo gucunga ingufu bisaba kwitabwaho guhoraho. Igiciro cyose cya nyirubwite kirimo:
Ibyuma Byimbere
Umuturirwa: $ 10,000- $ 18,000 kuri 10-15 kWh yashyizweho (harimo inverter nogushiraho)
Ubucuruzi: $ 250- $ 400 / kWh ku gipimo cya 100+ kWt
Akamaro - igipimo: $ 150- $ 250 / kWh ku gipimo cya 1+ MWh
Iyi mibare iragaragaza ibiciro 2024-2025 hamwe na chimie ya lithium fer fosifate, akabati kabisa, hamwe na sisitemu yo gukonjesha amazi ihinduka bisanzwe.
Kwishyiriraho
Ntugapfobye ibiciro byoroshye. Uruhushya, kuzamura amashanyarazi, gusuzuma imiterere yo gusakara hejuru yubutaka, no gutangiza byongeweho 20-35% kubiciro bya bateri. Batare ya $ 12,000 akenshi iba $ 15,600 yashizwemo iyo utanze muminsi ibiri yigihe cyamashanyarazi, amafaranga yimpushya, hamwe na progaramu ya sisitemu.
Ibikorwa & Kubungabunga
Litiyumu - ion gutura BESS igura amadorari 50 kuri kilo buri mwaka kugirango ikore kandi ibungabunge. Kuri 5kW / 13.5kWh Tesla Powerwall, ayo ni $ 250 / umwaka cyangwa $ 6.800 mugihe cyimyaka 10 - ahwanye na 20.000 $ bya lisansi na $ 1.000 yo kubungabunga moteri igereranya na moteri mugihe kimwe.
Nubwo bimeze bityo, iyi ntabwo ari zeru. Bije yo gusimbuza inverter (mubisanzwe imyaka 10-12 yubuzima), kuvugurura software, no kugenzura ubuzima burigihe.
Inzira yo Gusimbuza
Garanti ya bateri mubusanzwe ikubiyemo imipaka yubuzima bwose bwo kwinjiza ingufu, bigaragazwa nkumubare wamafaranga charge- gusohora. Batteri nyinshi za lithium fer fosifate zemeza ko 4,000-8,000. Amagare buri munsi bisobanura imyaka 11-22 mbere yuko ubushobozi bugabanuka munsi ya 70-80% ya spes yumwimerere.
Teganya gusimbuza bateri imwe hejuru yimyaka 30 - ubuzima bwizuba. Ayo ni andi $ 8,000- $ 14,000 (mumadolari yuyu munsi) mumwaka wa 15-20. Fata ibi mumibare ndende ya ROI.
Urwego: Wakagombye kongeramo izuba?
Nyuma yo gusesengura ibyicaro byinshi nibikorwa byubukungu byukuri, dore uburyo bwo gufata ibyemezo bihora byerekana intsinzi:
Igiti Cyemezo Cyizuba BESS Ubukungu
Intambwe ya 1: Suzuma imiterere yikigereranyo cyamashanyarazi
Igihe - cya - gukoresha ibiciro hamwe na 2: 1+ impinga / kuri - impinga ikwirakwira?Candidate Umukandida ukomeye kuri BESS
Ibisabwa bisaba 30% + ya fagitire yawe?Candidate Umukandida mwiza kuri BESS
Flat - kwishyuza igiciro munsi ya $ 0.12 / kWt?Candidate Umukandida ufite intege nke; ukeneye ibindi bintu bikomeye
Intambwe ya 2: Gereranya izuba ryinshi rirenze
Kubyara 40% + birenze mugihe cyo kubyara umusaruro?Ububiko buzafata agaciro gakomeye
Kubyara ibirenga 15-30%?Value Agaciro gaciriritse; ingano ya batiri yitonze
Kubyara munsi ya 15%?→ Tekereza kuzamura izuba mbere
Intambwe ya 3: Kubara Kwishura Byukuri Harimo Inzira zose zinjira
Ntukishingikirize kubara byoroshye. Kubaka icyitegererezo cyimari gikwiye:
Igiciro Cyuzuye cya Sisitemu (nyuma yo gushimangira) ÷
Intego iri munsi yimyaka 10 kubucuruzi, munsi yimyaka 12 yo gutura.
Intambwe ya 4: Agaciro Non - Ibintu byubukungu
Shinga agaciro k'idolari kwihangana. Niba imbaraga zo kugarura mugihe cyiminsi 3 zabuze bizigama ubucuruzi bwawe kuva $ 50.000 mumusaruro wabuze / kwangirika, ongeraho $ 16.500 / umwaka kubwinyungu zawe ($ 50.000 ÷ imyaka 3 iteganijwe inshuro). Mu buryo butunguranye, umushinga wa marginal uba ukomeye.
Ukuri kugaragara: Iyo Ububiko bubaye itegeko
Ububiko bw'izuba na batiri bizaba bingana na 81% by'amashanyarazi mashya yo muri Amerika - yo kubyara muri 2024, isoko rya BESS ryagutse 44% muri 2024 ushyiraho 69 GW / 161 GWh. Ibi ntibireba ubukungu gusa - bihinduka politiki y'ibikorwa remezo.
Isosiyete ikora amashanyarazi ya Californiya isaba imishinga mishya yizuba irenga MW 20 kugirango ibike. Ibindi bihugu birakurikira. Guverinoma y'Ubuhinde yagiriye inama ibigo bishyira mu bikorwa gushyiramo uburyo bwo kubika ingufu byibuze amasaha abiri yo kubika hamwe n’izuba.
Impamvu? Imiyoboro ntishobora gukurura izuba ritagira umupaka ridahungabana. Ububiko bwa Batiri ni ingirakamaro cyane cyane mu kubika amashanyarazi asagutse kugira ngo atangwe vuba mu gihe cy’ingufu zikenewe cyane cyane mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, umuriro w'amashanyarazi, hamwe n'ibihe bitunguranye. Hatabitswe ububiko, izuba ryinshi rirashobora kugabanuka (guta) cyangwa guhanagura ibiciro byamashanyarazi byinshi kubutaka bwa zeru / bubi.
Mu masoko menshi, imbogamizi za gride zisobanura ko umuyaga nizuba bikunze kugabanywa mugihe kiboneka cyane, bigatuma ibiciro byinshi kuri zeru cyangwa munsi ya - mugihe abashoramari ba gride bishingikiriza kumasoko ya gaze mugihe ibishobora kuvugururwa rimwe na rimwe bitabonetse, bigatuma ibiciro bigera hejuru cyane. Ububiko bworoshya ibyo bihindagurika, bigatuma ibishobora kwoherezwa kubisabwa - aho guhurira na kamere.
Kubateza imbere, ibi bivuze izuba - nta - imishinga yo kubika ihura nimbogamizi ziyongera kubyemeza guhuza no kugura amashanyarazi. Ku baguzi, irerekana gride - sisitemu yizuba ihujwe izarushaho kubikwa nkibisanzwe aho kubishaka.
Ibikurikira: Horizon ya 2025-2030
Inzira eshatu zizahindura ubukungu BESS mu myaka itanu iri imbere:
Inzira ya 1: Ikinyabiziga - kugeza - Kwishyira hamwe
Ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bitwara bateri 60 - 100 kWh. Imodoka ya Ford - 150 Inkuba nizindi EV zitanga ubu byishyurwa byerekanwa, kureka imodoka yawe ikora nkububiko bwa mobile. Witegereze kubona bateri za EV zidacumbikamo igice BESS kumiryango yimodoka ebyiri-kuki wagura 13.5 kWh Powerwall mugihe ufite kilowati 150 wicaye mumuhanda?
Imbogamizi ziracyahari (impungenge zogutesha agaciro, ingaruka zubwishingizi), ariko porogaramu za software ziragaragara mugucunga urugo - EV - ingufu za gride zitemba mubwenge.
Inzira ya 2: Icya kabiri - Ubuzima bwa Batiri
Hano haribintu byiyongera kuri bateri yakoreshejwe kuri progaramu yo kubika ihagaze. Iyo bateri ya EV igabanutse munsi yubushobozi bwa 70 - 80%, basezerewe mumodoka ariko ikora neza mububiko buhagaze aho uburemere / umwanya ntacyo bitwaye. Icya kabiri - ibiciro bya batiri yubuzima bishobora kugera $ 40-60 / kWt-kimwe cya kabiri cyumusaruro mushya.
Ibi birema urwego rwa BESS ruhendutse kubisabwa nko gucunga amafaranga asabwa aho ingufu ziva mumashanyarazi zitari munsi yubushobozi rusange.
Inzira ya 3: Imiyoboro - Inyubako zikorana
Ibikorwa bifasha porogaramu igenzura BESS ku mbuga ibihumbi, ikabateranya muri "amashanyarazi akomeye." Porogaramu ya ADER ya Californiya ifite 80MW ariko yerekana uburyo BESS yagabanijwe ishobora guhuzwa kugirango itange serivisi za gride.
Ba nyir'amazu bahembwa amafaranga make ya buri kwezi ($ 15-40) kubera kwemerera ibikorwa byihutirwa mugihe cyihutirwa. Mugwize ko mumazu 10,000, kandi washyizeho ibikoresho byoherejwe 100MW utubaka uruganda rushya.
Umurongo w'urufatiro: Ikibazo ntabwo "Ikiza Amafaranga?"
Ni "Ese bizigama amafarangakubibazo byawe byihariye?"
BESS igabanya bidasubirwaho ibiciro iyo:
Igihe - cya - igipimo cyo gukoresha kirema 2: 1+ impinga / kuri - impinga ikwirakwira
Amafaranga asabwa arenga 25% yumushahara wubucuruzi
Amasoko ya serivise ya serivise yishyura ibintu byoroshye
Imirasire y'izuba irenze cyane kumanywa
Ibyago byo kubura bitwara ibiciro byinshi byubucuruzi / umutekano
BESS irwana iyo:
Igipimo cy'amashanyarazi kiringaniye kandi kiri hasi ($ 0.08- $ 0.11 / kWt)
Imirasire y'izuba ntishobora guhura nibikoreshwa birenze urugero
Politiki yingirakamaro igabanya cyane ububiko
Imbere y’imari shingiro iruta kure - kuzigama igihe
Impinduka nyayo ibaho ubu ntabwo ari ukumenya niba BESS ibika amafaranga - ni uko ibiciro byagabanutse byagura ifasi aho byumvikana mubukungu. Amasoko yasaga nkaho ari marginal mu myaka itatu ishize kuri $ 350 / kWh yashyizweho ubu ikaramu hanze $ 200 / kWt. Kugeza 2030, ibiteganijwe byerekana $ 120-160 / kWh kuri sisitemu yo guturamo.
Ubuhinduzi: Niba BESS itagushimishije uyumunsi, ongera ukoreshe imibare mumezi 18. Inzira zigiciro zerekana imipaka myinshi yimipaka ihindagurika mugihe cyimyaka 2-3.
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa
Ni bangahe bateri yizuba ishobora kuzigama kuri fagitire y'amashanyarazi?
Kuzigama biratandukanye cyane nuburyo bwingirakamaro. Abafite amazu bafite igihe - cya - igipimo cyo gukoresha barashobora kuzigama 20 - 30% kubiciro byamashanyarazi ya buri kwezi. Kurugero, hamwe nimpinga isanzwe itandukanijwe nigiciro cya $ 0.15 / kWh na bateri ihindura 40% yimikoreshereze ya buri munsi, kuzigama kwumwaka bigera hafi $ 730. Ibigo byubucuruzi bifite amafaranga menshi asabwa birashobora kugabanuka kugera kuri 80% kugiciro cyingufu mukoresha ingamba zo gukoresha BESS kugirango ikure amashanyarazi.
Ni ikihe gihe gisanzwe cyo kwishyura kuri batiri izuba?
Abaguzi benshi b'izuba bavunika no mumyaka 7 - imyaka 10 iyo bahujije izuba nububiko. Batteri - kwishyura gusa biterwa cyane nigipimo cyamashanyarazi no kugutera inkunga. Mu masoko yo hejuru - isoko nka Californiya hamwe 30% yinguzanyo ya reta hamwe na reta ya reta, kwishyura birashobora kuba imyaka 5 - 8. Mu gipimo cyiza, amasoko ahendutse, kwishyura birashobora kurenza imyaka 15, bigatuma ishoramari rishidikanywaho nta guha agaciro inyungu zinyuma.
Batteri yizuba yujuje ibyangombwa byo gutanga imisoro no kugabanyirizwa?
Yego rwose. Inguzanyo ya Federal Residential Clean Energy Credit itanga 30% yinguzanyo yumusoro ku zuba - hiyongereyeho - sisitemu yo kubika kugeza 2032, hiyongereyeho 10% kubisabwa murugo. Ububiko bwa bateri bugomba kuba bufite byibura amasaha 3 kilowatt kugirango yujuje ibisabwa. Californiya itanga izindi nyungu binyuze muri SGIP, hamwe nabakiriya batuye bahabwa $ 150-200 kuri kilowati yububiko. Batare 10 kWh irashobora kwemererwa kuguriza 3000 $ yinguzanyo ya reta hiyongereyeho $ 1.500-2,000.
Batteri yizuba imara igihe kingana iki mbere yo kuyisimbuza?
Batteri ya Litiyumu ya fosifate isanzwe itanga 4000 - 8,000 yumuzunguruko. Hamwe n'amagare ya buri munsi, ibi bisobanura imyaka 11-22 mbere yuko ubushobozi bugabanuka munsi ya 70-80% yibisobanuro byumwimerere. Sisitemu nyinshi zitanga izuba zifite imyaka 10-15 yo kubaho, bivuze ko ugomba guteganya umusimbura umwe mubuzima bwimyaka 30. Amafaranga yo gusimbuza umwaka 15-20 birashoboka ko azaba make cyane kubera gukomeza kugabanuka kwikoranabuhanga rya batiri.
Nshobora kongeramo ububiko bwa batiri kumirasire y'izuba iriho?
Rwose, nubwo ibishushanyo bitandukanye. Sisitemu ya AC - ikoreshwa muburyo busanzwe bwo gukoresha imirasire y'izuba isanzwe kuko byoroshye guhinduranya, bisaba inverter yinyongera kugirango ihindure amashanyarazi yizuba kuva AC igasubira muri DC kugirango yishyure bateri. DC - sisitemu ihujwe irasanzwe cyane kubizuba bishya - wongeyeho -. Bateri nyinshi zigezweho nka Tesla Powerwall 3 zirashobora guhuza nizuba risanzwe binyuze muri AC guhuza. Reba inverter yawe ihari hamwe nubushobozi bwumuriro wamashanyarazi mbere yo gukomeza.
Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kubungabunga bateri y'izuba busaba?
Litiyumu - ion gutura BESS igura hafi $ 50 kuri kilowati buri mwaka kugirango ikore kandi ikomeze, ikubiyemo gukurikirana, kuvugurura software, no kugenzura sisitemu rimwe na rimwe. Ibi biri munsi cyane ya generator, bisaba lisansi, serivisi zisanzwe, hamwe no gusana kenshi. BESS isaba muburyo budasanzwe bwo kubungabunga burenze rimwe na rimwe ivugurura rya software hamwe nubugenzuzi bugaragara. Ababikora benshi barimo gukurikirana kure bikumenyesha ibibazo byose byikora.
Nibihe bikoresho cyangwa leta bitanga ubukungu bwiza bwizuba - wongeyeho - ububiko?
Pennsylvania iyoboye hamwe na 14.45% ROI na 9.42 - yo kwishyura umwaka, ikurikirwa na Maryland hamwe na 14.25% ROI na 9.82 - kwishyura. Kaliforuniya, Hawayi, na Massachusetts byerekana ubukungu bukomeye bwo gutura bitewe n’igipimo cy’amashanyarazi kiri hejuru, gushimangira cyane, hamwe n’ibiciro - byateganijwe igihe cyo gukoresha. Ubukungu BESS burakomeye cyane mubudage, Amerika ya ruguru, nu Bwongereza aho usanga amafaranga asabwa akenshi. Texas itanga amahirwe adasanzwe binyuze muri gahunda yo gusubiza ibyifuzo, nubwo ubukungu bwo guturamo buratandukanye cyane kubikorwa byingirakamaro.
Gutera Intambwe ikurikira
Icyemezo cyo kongeramo ububiko bwa batiri gishingiye ku mibare igoye, ntabwo ari ugushaka ibyifuzo byubwigenge bwingufu. Tangira ukoresheje fagitire yingirakamaro:
Menya igipimo cyawe: Igihe - cyo - gukoresha? Gusaba ibirego? Igipimo cya Flat?
Kubara izuba rirenze: Nangahe kWh zidakoreshwa cyangwa zoherezwa mugihe cyo kubyara umusaruro?
Ubushakashatsi burahari: Gahunda ya leta + leta + yingirakamaro mukarere kawe
Saba ibyifuzo bitatu birambuye: Menya neza ko abashiraho urugero rwibiciro byawe hamwe nikoreshwa
Wigenga kugenzura ibyifuzo byo kwishyura: Ntukizere kubara ibicuruzwa
Abakiriya ba Savvy barabaza kandi abashiraho: "Ni ikihe gipimo cy'abakiriya bawe b'izuba bongera ububiko, kandi ni ibihe bihe bisanzwe byo kwishyura?" Niba 80% usibye ububiko, iryo ni ibendera ritukura ryerekeye ubukungu bwaho.
Wibuke: Ikoranabuhanga rya BESS ritezimbere buri mezi 12-18. Niba ubukungu ari buke muri iki gihe, kugabanuka kw'ibiciro bishobora guhindura ikigereranyo vuba. Shiraho kwibutsa gusubiramo isesengura buri mwaka mugihe ibiciro bikomeza inzira yo kumanuka.
Ikibazo ntabwo ari ukumenya niba izuba BESS rishobora kuzigama ibiciro byingufu. Biragaragara ko ikora - ariko mugihe gusa ibintu bitatu bihuye: ibiciro byingirakamaro byingirakamaro, muburyo bukwiye - sisitemu nini, hamwe nibiteganijwe bifatika kubyerekeye igihe cyo kwishyura. Igisubizo nyacyo giterwa rwose nimba izuba BESS izigamabihagijemubihe bidasanzwe kugirango ushimangire ishoramari. Koresha imibare mubyukuri, ibintu mumasoko yose yinjira, kandi inzira igana imbere iragaragara.